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2 First Aid Rapid Review > Classic Labs/Findings > Flashcards

Classic Labs/Findings Flashcards

1
Q

Anti-Centromere Antibodies

A

Scleroderma

Part of CREST

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2
Q

Anti-Desmoglein (epithelial) Antibodies

A

Pemphigus vulgaris (blistering)

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3
Q

Anti-Glomerular basement membrane antibodies

A

Goodpasture syndrome

  • Glomerulo-nephritis
  • Hemoptysis
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4
Q

Anti-Histone Antibodies

A

Drug-induced SLE

  • Hydralazine
  • Isonizid
  • Phenytoin
  • Procainamide
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5
Q

Anti-IgG antibodies

A

Rheumatoid arthritis

  • systemic inflammation
  • joint pannus
  • boutonniere deformity
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6
Q

Anti-Mitochondrial antibodies (AMA)

A

1’ Biliary Cirrhosis

  • Female
  • Cholestasis
  • Portal hypertension
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7
Q

Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies

ANCAs

A

Microscopic Polyangitis

  • Eosinophilic granulomatosis
  • with Polyangiitis (Churg-Strauss Syndrome)
  • MPO-ANCA/ p-ANCA)

Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis

  • Wegener
  • PR3-ANCA/ c-ANCA
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8
Q

Anti-Nuclear antibodies

ANAs: Anti-Smith and Anti-dsDNA

A

SLE

- Type III Hypersensitivity

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9
Q

Anti-platelet Antibodies

A

Idiopathic thrombo-cytopenic purpura

  • ITP
  • Missing platelets
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10
Q

Anti-topoisomerase antibodies

A

Diffuse systemic scleroderma

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11
Q

Anti-transglutaminase/
Anti-gliadin/
Anti-endomysial
Antibodies

A

Celiac disease

Diarrhea
Weight loss

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12
Q

Apple core lesion on barium x-ray

A

Colorectal cancer

- usually left sided

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13
Q

Atypical lymphocytes

A

EBV

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14
Q 
Azurophilic peroxidase (+)
granular inclusions in granulocytes and myeloblasts
A

Auer rods

AML esp the pro-myelocytic M3 type

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15
Q

Bacitracin response

A

Sensitive: S. pyogenes (group A)

Resistant: S. agalactiae (group B)

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16
Q

Bamboo spine on x-ray

A

Ankylosing spondylitis

  • chronic inflammatory arthritis: HLA-B27
17
Q

Basophilic nuclear remnants in RBCs

A

Howell-Jolly bodies

  • d/t spenectomy or non-functional spleen
18
Q

Basophilic stippling of RBCs

A

Lead poisoning
-or-
Sideroblastic anemia

19
Q

Bloody or yellow tap on lumbar puncture

A

Subarachnoid hemorrhage

20
Q

Boot-shaped heart on x-ray

A

Tetralogy of Fallot (d/t RVH)

21
Q

Branching gram-positive rods with sulfur granules

A

Actinomyces israelii

22
Q

Bronchogenic apical lung tumor on imaging

A

Pancoast tumor

- can compress cervical sympathetic chain –> Horner syndrome

23
Q

“Brown” tumor of bone

A

Hyper-Parathyroidism
-or-
Osteitis fibrosa cystica (deposited hemosiderin from hemorrhage give brown color)

24
Q

Cardiomegaly with apical atrophy

A

Chagas disease (Trypanosoma cruzi)

25
Q

Cellular crescents in Bowman capsule

A

Rapidly progressive crescentic glomerulonephritis

26
Q

“Chocolate cyst” of ovary

A

Endometriosis

- frequently involves both ovaries

27
Q

Circular grouping of dark tumor cells surrounding pale neurofibrils

A

Homer-Wright rosettes

  • Neuroblastoma
  • or-
  • Medullobastoma
28
Q

Colonies of mucoid Pseudomonas in lungs

A

Cystic fibrosis

  • Auto recessive mutation of CFTR gene
  • results in Fat-soluble vitamin deficiency and mucus plugs
29
Q

DEC AFP in amniotic fluid/maternal serum

A

Down syndrome
-or-
other chromosomal abnormality

30
Q

Degeneration of dorsal column fibers

A
  • Tabes dorsalis (3’ syphilis)
  • or-
  • Sub acute combined degeneration (dorsal columns, lateral corticospinal, spino-cerebellar tracts affected)
31
Q

Delta wave on EKG
Short PR interval
Supraventricular tachycardia

A

Wolf Parkinson White

  • Bundle of Kent bypasses AV node
32
Q

Depigmentation of neurons in substatial nigra

A

Parkinson disease

  • Basal ganglia disorder
  • rigidity
  • resting tremor
  • brady-kinesia
33
Q

Desquamated epithelium casts in sputum

A

Curschmann spirals

  • Bronchial asthma
  • can result in whorled mucous plugs
34
Q

Disarrayed granulosa cells arranged around collections of eosinophilic fluid

A

Call-exner bodies

- granulosa cell tumor of the ovary

35
Q

Dysplastic squamous cervical cells with “raisinoid” nuclei and hyperchromasia

A

Koilocytes

HPV: Predisposes to cervical cancer

36
Q

Periodic acid schiff

  • Breast
  • Macrophages
  • Bone
  • Glycogen storage disease
  • Epidermial lymphocytes
A

Periodic acid schiff

  • Breast - Paget
  • Macrophages - Whipple
  • Bone - Ewing
  • Glycogen storage disease - Pompe II
  • Epidermal lymphocytes - Mycoses fungoides & Seazery syndrome
37
Q

Electrical alterans

alternating amplitude on EKG

A

Pericardial tamponade

38
Q

Enlarged cells with intra-nuclear inclusion bodies

2 First Aid Rapid Review (5 decks)

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