Classes of Drugs Flashcards
Thiazides
1) Mechanism
2) Effect on excretion
1) Inhibitor of the Na+/Cl- symporter in the DISTAL CONVOLUTED TUBULE
2) Decreased Ca+ **, increased K, Na, H
Loop Diuretics
1) Mechanism
2) Effect on excretion
1) Inhibitor of Na+/K+/2Cl- symporter in the THICK ASCENDING LIMB
Renal Na+ Channel Inhibitor
1) Mechanism
2) Effects on excretion
1) Inhibits Na+ channels in the LATE DISTAL TUBULE AND COLLECTING DUCT –> inhibits K+ secretion
2) Decreased K+, H+, Ca++, Mg++
Increased Na+ and Cl-
Mineralocorticoid Antagonist
1) Mechanism
2) Effects on excretion
1) Prevents aldosterone from binding to intracellular mineralocorticoid receptor –> prevents change in expression of aldosterone proteins –> Inhibits Na+ reabsorption in the LATE DISTAL TUBULE AND COLLECTING DUCT
2) Decreased K+ excretion, increased Na+
Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor
1) Mechanism
2) Effect on excretion
1) Inhibits carbonic anhydrase in the lumen and cells of the PROXIMAL TUBULE
2) Increased Na+, K+, Bicarb, Decreased H+
List the mechanisms of Antiplatelet Drugs
1) Reduce platelet AGGREGATION by blocking ADP (P2Y12) receptor (irreversibly or reversibly)
2) Prevent aggregation by inhibiting GPIIb/IIIa on the surface of the platelet
3) Inhibits synthesis of thromboxane A2 by acetylation of cyclooxygenase (irreversibly or reversibly)
Direct Thrombin Inhibitor Mechanism of Action
Binds to thrombin (Factor II) and prevents conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin
Indirect Thrombin Inhibitor Mechanism of Action
Binds to antithrombin to increase activity causing inhibition of intrinsic factors
Bile Acid Sequestrant
1) Mechanism of Action
2) Indication
1) Bind to bile acids and prevent reabsorption
2) Hyperlipidemia/high cholesterol
Statins
1) Mechanism of action
1) HMG CoA reductase inhibitors–> decrease cholesterol synthesis AND up regulate LDL receptors (decreases LDL)
Fibrates
1) Mechanism of action
1) Ligands of PPARa –> up regulate major components of HDL –> promotes cholesterol efflux
