Classes Flashcards
What are antimicrobials?
Antimicrobials are agents that kill or inhibit the growth of microorganisms.
True or False: Antimicrobials can be used against bacteria, fungi, viruses, and parasites.
True
Fill in the blank: The class of antimicrobials that specifically targets bacteria is called ______.
antibiotics
What is the main difference between bactericidal and bacteriostatic agents?
Bactericidal agents kill bacteria, while bacteriostatic agents inhibit their growth.
Name 4 classes of antibiotics.
Penicillinas, cefalosporinas, macrolideos e aminoglicosideos
What is the mechanism of action for beta-lactam antibiotics?
They inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis.
True or False: Tetracyclines are effective against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
True
Which class of antimicrobials is known for its ability to disrupt protein synthesis in bacteria?
Aminoglycosides
What is the primary use of sulfonamides?
They are used to treat bacterial infections by inhibiting folic acid synthesis.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT an antifungal agent? A) Amphotericin B B) Fluconazole C) Ciprofloxacin
C) Ciprofloxacin
What is the role of antivirals?
Antivirals are used to treat viral infections by inhibiting the development of the virus.
Fill in the blank: The class of antimicrobials used to treat tuberculosis is called ______.
antituberculars
True or False: Quinolones are primarily active against anaerobic bacteria.
False
What is the significance of the term ‘spectrum of activity’ in antimicrobials?
It refers to the range of bacteria that a particular antimicrobial can effectively target.
Name a common side effect of antibiotics.
Diarrhea
Multiple Choice: Which class of drugs is used to treat HIV? A) NRTIs B) Beta-lactams C) Macrolides
A) NRTIs
What does the term ‘resistance’ refer to in the context of antimicrobials?
Resistance refers to the ability of microorganisms to withstand the effects of drugs that once killed them or inhibited their growth.
Fill in the blank: The class of antimicrobials that includes metronidazole is used primarily to treat ______ infections.
protozoal
True or False: All viruses can be treated with the same antiviral medications.
False
What is the role of the CDC in relation to antimicrobial resistance?
The CDC tracks and provides guidelines to combat antimicrobial resistance.
Name one method to prevent antimicrobial resistance.
Using antibiotics only when necessary.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a characteristic of broad-spectrum antibiotics? A) They target a narrow range of bacteria B) They are effective against a wide variety of bacteria C) They have fewer side effects
B) They are effective against a wide variety of bacteria
What are polymyxins primarily used to treat?
Polymyxins are primarily used to treat Gram-negative bacterial infections.
True or False: Antimicrobial stewardship is important for reducing the incidence of resistance.
True
What is the primary function of antifungal agents?
To treat infections caused by fungi.
Fill in the blank: The class of antimicrobials that includes azoles is used to treat ______ infections.
fungal
What is a key consideration when prescribing antibiotics?
Ensuring the correct antibiotic is chosen based on susceptibility testing.
