Classes 11-13

Question 1

Thinking

Answer 1

cognition/the mental

Question 2

Concepts

Answer 2

building blocks of thinking (mental grasping of similar objects, events, or ideas of people)

Question 2

Insight

Answer 2

a sudden and often novel realization of the solution to the problem; provides a sense of satisfaction

Question 4

Confirmation Bias

Answer 4

a tendency to search for information that confirms one’s preconceptions

Question 4

Fixation

Answer 4

inability to see a problem from a new perspective; an impediment to problem solving

Question 6

Mental Set

Answer 6

a tendency to approach a problem in a particular way especially a way that has been successful in the past but may or may not apply

Question 7

Heuristics

Answer 7

use or misuse; overconfidence

Question 8

Intelligence

Answer 8

plotted on a bell curve

Question 8

IQ: Intelligence Quotient

Answer 8

measurement of one’s intelligence

Question 10

Aptitude Test

Answer 10

predicted ability to learn new concepts

Question 11

Achievement Test

Answer 11

retrieve learned information

Question 12

Howard Gardner

Answer 12

researcher, developed theory of multiple intelligence

Question 13

Motivation

Answer 13

the need or desire that serves to energize behavior and direct it toward a goal

Question 14

Instinct Theory

Answer 14

idea by Charles Darwin; that behaviors were instinct

Question 15

Drive Reduction Theory

Answer 15

(when Instinct Theory collapsed) idea that a physiological need creates a aroused state that then forces the organism to reduce it’s need

Question 16

Optimum Arousal

Answer 16

(Arousal Theory) drive to experience the arousal

Question 17

Maslow

Answer 17

developed the Hierarchy of Needs (pyramid of human needs)

Question 18

Hierarchy of Needs

Answer 18

Maslow’s pyramid of human needs; physical-safety-love/belonging-self esteem-self actualization; once cannot progress unless the prior step is completed