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Z Sociology - Crime and Deviance > Class, Power and Crime > Flashcards

Class, Power and Crime Flashcards

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Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

How do functionalists view the law?

A

A reflection of society’s shared values

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2
Q

How do functionalists view crime?

A

The product of poor socialization into societies values

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3
Q

What does Walter Miller argue about the lower class?

A

The lower class has developed an independent subculture which clashes with mainstream culture.

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4
Q

What does ‘Strain theory’ argue?

A

People engage in deviant behavior when their opportunities for legitimate success are blocked

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5
Q

How does Cohen view working class youths?

A

Culturally deprived as they have not been socialized into the mainstream, middle class culture

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6
Q

What is delinquent subculture seen as a solution for?

A

Status frustration

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7
Q

How do working class youths gain status amongst their peers?

A

Inverting mainstream values such as respect for property (vandalism)

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8
Q

What are functionalist, strain and subcultural theories described as?

A

Problem takers - Take broad figures for granted and that crime needs to be explained by finding the cause

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9
Q

How do labelling theorists approach class differences in crime?

A

Search for how and why working class people are labelled as criminal

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10
Q

Why are Labelling theorists described as problem makers?

A

They don’t see official statistics as valid social facts or useful. Instead crime statistics should be investigated

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11
Q

What do Marxists and Labelling theorists agree on regarding the law?

A

That the law is enforced disproportionally against the working classes

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12
Q

What do Marxists disagree with labeling theorists on?

A

They believe that Labelling theories neglect the effects of capitalism on crime

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13
Q

What is Criminogenic capitalism?

A

The belief that capitalism forces people to commit crime

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14
Q

What does David Gordon argue about crime?

A

That it is a valid response to the capitalist system and why it appears in all social classes

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15
Q

How do Marxists view law making and law enforcement?

A

They serve the interests of the capitalist class

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16
Q

What does William Chambliss argue about private property?

A

They are the cornerstone of the capitalist economy

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17
Q

What does Laureen Snider argue?

A

The capitalist state is reluctant to pass laws that regulate the activities of the businesses or threaten their profitability

18
Q

What does Frank Pearce argue about laws that benefit the working class?

A

They are in place to keep workers fit for work and give capitalism a ‘friendly face’.

19
Q

What does the selective enforcement of the law cause in the working class?

A

It divides the workers as they are told to blame the criminals and not the capitalist system

20
Q

What are some criticisms of Marxists view on crime?

A
  • Ignores non class inequalities
  • Over predicts the amount of crime in the working class
  • Not all capitalists society’s have high crime rate
  • Ignores inter-class crimes
21
Q

What are Neo-Marxists?

A

Sociologists who combine Marxists views with other views such as Labelling theorists

22
Q

What does Taylor agree with Marxists on?

A
  • Capitalism is based on exploitation
  • State creates laws in the interest of the capitalist class
  • Capitalism should be replaced with a classless society
23
Q

What does Taylor criticize Marxists on?

A

They say its deterministic

24
Q

What view does Taylor et al take?

A

neo-marxist

25
Q

What do feminists criticize criminology on?

A

It being ‘Gender blind’ and focusing exclusively on male crime

26
Q

How do left realists criticize criminology?

A

Critical criminology romanticizes working class criminals as ‘robin hoods’

27
Q

What does Roger Hopkins argue about critical criminology?

A

Its both too general to explain crime and too idealistic to be useful in tackling crime

28
Q

What is white collar crime?

A

A crime committed by a high profile person

29
Q

What are the two types of crime within a company?

A

Occupational - Committed by employees for personal gain

Corporate - Committed by employees for the businesses gain

30
Q

What does Tomb argue about the differences between the different types of offences?

A

Its about who has the power to define a crime, not how harmful the crime is

31
Q

How much more damage does white collar crime do than normal crime? (in the USA)

A

Over ten times

32
Q

What does Tomb argue the ‘enormous costs’ of corporate crime are? What does he conclude about corporate crime?

A

Physical, Environmental and Economic

Its not just a few bad apples, its widespread

33
Q

What are types of corporate crime?

A
  • Financial crimes
  • Crimes against consumers
  • Crimes against employees
  • Crimes against the environment
  • State-Corporate crime
34
Q

What does Carrabine say about people in power?

A

We trust them with our health, money, security and personal info which puts them in the position to be abuse our trust

35
Q

Why does Sutherland view white collar crime as worse than working class crime?

A
  • it promotes distrust of basic social institutions

- undermines the fabric of society

36
Q

Why is corporate crime invisible?

A
  • Lack of political will
  • The media
  • The crimes are complex
  • De-labelling
  • Under reporting
37
Q

What event made corporate crime more visible?

A

2008 recession

38
Q

What happened to law violations as a companies performance deteriorated?

A

They increased (Clinard and Yeager)

39
Q

What is de-labelling?

A

Upper class have the resources to avoid labelling (lawyers and accountants)

40
Q

How do Marxists view corporate crime?

A

Its a result of the normal functioning of capitalism

41
Q

What is a criticism of white collar crime theories?

A

Even if capitalism is profit based it doesn’t explain state agencies

Z Sociology - Crime and Deviance (3 decks)

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