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Urban Environmental Geog > Class Notes > Flashcards

Class Notes Flashcards

1
Q

Perihelion?

A

When the earth is closest to the sun. Occurs on jan. 3rd

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2
Q

Primate city?

A

A city that’s two times bigger than any other city in the country

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3
Q

Mega city?

A

A location with a population of 20 mil. Or greater.

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4
Q

CBD?

A

Central business district. Residential and non residential land use where it becomes more rural the farther from the center you go.

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5
Q

Urbanization

A

The percentage of towns and cities. 80% of the world live in urban environments

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6
Q

Hinterland

A

The outskirts, the land behind the city. Agricultural area.

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7
Q

Aphelion

A

The point of furthest distance away from the sun. Occurs on july 4th

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8
Q

Insolation

A

Inputs. Incoming solar radiation. Also known as short wave radiation. Ultraviolet, visible and shortwave. Amount of insolation depend on where you are on the earths surface.

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9
Q

Sub solar point

A

Where the sun is directly overhead

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10
Q

Seasonality?

A

The seasonal variation of the suns position and change in day lengths

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11
Q

3 Reasons for the seasons

A

Revolution, tilt, axial parallelism

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12
Q

Normal lapse rate

A
  1. 4 C/1000m

3. 5F/1000ft

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13
Q

Environmental lapse rate

A

Takes into account the local weather conditions at that time which the normal lapse rate does not.

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14
Q

Montreal protocol

A

2010 ban of cfc’s by 189 countries

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15
Q

Temperature inversion. Cause and effect.

A

Caused by calm winds, clear skies, and long cold nights. Limits vertical mixing and traps pollution

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16
Q

Acid rain. Composition and sources

A

Silver dioxide and nitrogen oxides emitted by fossil fuel consumption. Comes from agriculture, vehicles and coal power plants

17
Q

Scattering

A

Change in direction of lights movement

18
Q

Refraction

A

Change in direction and speed

19
Q

Albedo

A

The reflective quality of earths surface

20
Q

Convection

A

Vertical mixing of heat energy

21
Q

Conduction

A

Molecule to molecule exchange of energy

22
Q

Principle temperature controls

A

Latitude, altitude/elevation, cloud cover. The basics to water and land heating differences.

23
Q

Gulf stream

A

Warm ocean current caused by atmospheric circulation and wind

24
Q

Urban heat island

A

Influenced albedo, concrete and asphalt has low albedo, so it’s hotter. Also solar radiation is trapped in urban environments by unnatural reflecting of heat and dust, particulates that are created by urban life

25
Q

Air pressure

A

A measurement of the airs weight, or density of air, which is unequal around the world due to differing heat. Measured by a barometer in millibars

26
Q

Driving forces of air pressure

A

Gravitational force, pressure gradient, coriolis force, and frictional force

27
Q

What is weather

A

The short term condition of the atmosphere

28
Q

What is meteorology?

A

The scientific study of the atmosphere. Linked to physical geography by the spatial implications and atmospheric phenomena that effect human activities.

29
Q

Sumblation

A

The change from frozen water to water vapor

30
Q

What is latent heat?

A

Heat required to for a phase change in water

31
Q

Latent heat vaporization?

A

Takes 540 cal to change 1g of water to 1g of vapor

32
Q

Latent heat condensation

A

The liberation of that same 540 cal to go back from vapor to liquid for 1g

33
Q

Humidity

A

The amount of water vapor present in the atmosphere

34
Q

Relative humidity

A

Is the ratio of actual vapor in the air and the given temperature

35
Q

Saturation

A

The level of saturation is met when rate of evaporation and the rate of condensation met equilibrium. Saturation is met at the dew point temperature

36
Q

Vapor pressure

A

is the portion of atmospheric pressure produced by the presence of water vapor

37
Q

What is a parcel?

A

A term used to describe a body if air that has specific temperature and humidity characteristics

38
Q

Stability

A

The tendency of an air parcel to stay put, or move vertically. Vertical movement is unstable, and expands with the higher, lower air pressure.

39
Q

Adiabatic

A

The warming and cooling rates of a parcel if expanding or compressing air

Urban Environmental Geog (1 decks)

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