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Agricultural Science > Class Notes > Flashcards

Class Notes Flashcards

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1
Q

Nutrition is essential for:

A
  • maintain a supply of energy
  • growth
  • reproduction
  • body maintenance and repair
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2
Q

What are the stages of digestion?

A

Ingestion
digestion
absorption
egestion

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3
Q

What is ingestion in the digestive system?

A

Injection is the intake of food.

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4
Q

What is digestion?

A

Digestion is the breakdown of food particles

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5
Q

What is absorption in the digestive system?

A

Absorption is the uptake of nutrients in the bloodstream.

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6
Q

What is egestion in the digestive system?

A

Egyptian is the elimination of undigested particles.

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7
Q

What are the processes involved in digestion?

A

Physical, chemical and microbial processes

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8
Q

What is a physical process in digestion?

A

Mastication

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9
Q

Explain what is chemical digestion

A

Chemical digestion is the secretion of digestive juices which contain enzymes that help breakdown food particles into simpler soluble substances

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10
Q

What is soil erosion?

A

Set is the movement of soil to another area. The top soil is the usual one that moves.

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11
Q

State the types of soil erosion

A

Geological and accelerated

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12
Q

Give examples of the effects of soil erosion

A

Landslide loss of crops the removal top soil and leching

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13
Q

The four compartments of the ruminant stomach?

A
  1. Rumen
  2. Reticulum
  3. Omasum
  4. Abomasum
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14
Q

State Largest compartment of the ruminant stomach.

A

The Rumen

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15
Q

What is the function of the rumen?

A

It Functions as a fermentation vat where food is broken down by microorganisms
(bacteria, protozoa, and fungi).

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16
Q

In what digestive organ does water absorption occur in a ruminant?

A

The omasum.

17
Q

What is the reticulum are referred to due to its structure?

A

The honeycomb.

18
Q

What is the role of reticulum in digestion?

A

It traps foreign particles and materials. It also plays our role in the regurgitation of food for further chewing.

19
Q

What is the function abomasum?

A

It function as the final breakdown of food and uses gastric juices to aid with it.

20
Q

State the importance of chewing cud in ruminates?

A

The chewing of cud helps to break down fibrous materials, increasing the surface area of microbial digestion.

21
Q

What are the nutrients?

A

Nutrients are the substance in the food that animals need to stay healthy.

22
Q

Give three sources in which farm animals can receive nutrients?

A

Plants, plant products, and animal products.

23
Q

What are the groups of nutrients required by farm animals?

A

Carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins minerals, and water

24
Q

Farm animals derive minerals from?

A

• green pasture grasses and forages
• legumes, including pasture legumes
• cereal grains, such as corn and rice
• mineral licks (salt-licks/blocks)
• blood meal, fish meal, bone meal

25
Q

What is the specific role of calcium and phosphorus in the body of farm animals?

A

• for strong bones and teeth
• for tougher egg-shells in poultry
• to prevent milk fever in dairy cattle (cows)

26
Q

The specific role of Sodium, chlorine, potassium and magnesium in the body of farm animals

A

• to maintain the acid-base balance
• for osmotic control of water distribution

27
Q

What are three of the essential minerals needed in the diet of farm animals?

A

Sodium, calcium and potassium

28
Q

What are vitamins?

A

Vitamins are organic compounds required in the diet in small quantities to stay healthy.

29
Q

A lot of vitamins may result in diseases or abnormalities such as:

A

Retarded growth
Poor reproduction
Rough quote

30
Q

Give three examples in which farm animals derive minerals from

A

Green pasture grasses
Cereal greens
Bloodmeal

Agricultural Science (2 decks)

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