Class Notes Flashcards
Nutrition is essential for:
- maintain a supply of energy
- growth
- reproduction
- body maintenance and repair
What are the stages of digestion?
Ingestion
digestion
absorption
egestion
What is ingestion in the digestive system?
Injection is the intake of food.
What is digestion?
Digestion is the breakdown of food particles
What is absorption in the digestive system?
Absorption is the uptake of nutrients in the bloodstream.
What is egestion in the digestive system?
Egyptian is the elimination of undigested particles.
What are the processes involved in digestion?
Physical, chemical and microbial processes
What is a physical process in digestion?
Mastication
Explain what is chemical digestion
Chemical digestion is the secretion of digestive juices which contain enzymes that help breakdown food particles into simpler soluble substances
What is soil erosion?
Set is the movement of soil to another area. The top soil is the usual one that moves.
State the types of soil erosion
Geological and accelerated
Give examples of the effects of soil erosion
Landslide loss of crops the removal top soil and leching
The four compartments of the ruminant stomach?
- Rumen
- Reticulum
- Omasum
- Abomasum
State Largest compartment of the ruminant stomach.
The Rumen
What is the function of the rumen?
It Functions as a fermentation vat where food is broken down by microorganisms
(bacteria, protozoa, and fungi).
In what digestive organ does water absorption occur in a ruminant?
The omasum.
What is the reticulum are referred to due to its structure?
The honeycomb.
What is the role of reticulum in digestion?
It traps foreign particles and materials. It also plays our role in the regurgitation of food for further chewing.
What is the function abomasum?
It function as the final breakdown of food and uses gastric juices to aid with it.
State the importance of chewing cud in ruminates?
The chewing of cud helps to break down fibrous materials, increasing the surface area of microbial digestion.
What are the nutrients?
Nutrients are the substance in the food that animals need to stay healthy.
Give three sources in which farm animals can receive nutrients?
Plants, plant products, and animal products.
What are the groups of nutrients required by farm animals?
Carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins minerals, and water
Farm animals derive minerals from?
• green pasture grasses and forages
• legumes, including pasture legumes
• cereal grains, such as corn and rice
• mineral licks (salt-licks/blocks)
• blood meal, fish meal, bone meal
What is the specific role of calcium and phosphorus in the body of farm animals?
• for strong bones and teeth
• for tougher egg-shells in poultry
• to prevent milk fever in dairy cattle (cows)
The specific role of Sodium, chlorine, potassium and magnesium in the body of farm animals
• to maintain the acid-base balance
• for osmotic control of water distribution
What are three of the essential minerals needed in the diet of farm animals?
Sodium, calcium and potassium
What are vitamins?
Vitamins are organic compounds required in the diet in small quantities to stay healthy.
A lot of vitamins may result in diseases or abnormalities such as:
Retarded growth
Poor reproduction
Rough quote
Give three examples in which farm animals derive minerals from
Green pasture grasses
Cereal greens
Bloodmeal
