Class Inequality Theories

Question 1

Durkheim

Answer 1

Society is consensual and so class is fair-social solidarity

Question 2

explain Parsons argument

Answer 2

• stratification is based on common values- ranks people on importance
• inequality encourages cooperation and inter dependence- collective goals BUT marx’s tension

Question 3

explain Davis and Moore’s argument

Answer 3

-society ensures most imp roles are taken by talented BUT nurses
-high rewards motivate and sacrifices
-sifted sorted and graded for functionality
BUT some groups use power
-not consensual because of resentment
-encourages best of ability- retain privilege and improve position BUT ignore poverty and life chances

Question 4

new right -saunders

Answer 4

-social advantages and disadvantages DON’T shape success/failure
-those bright and willing to succeed-explains innate ability
BUT argues background does play a part
BUT argues society is not truly meritocratic today bc of mc advantage

Question 5

Marshall and Swift

Answer 5

Saunders ignores evidence of poverty and neo marx argue some slip through

Question 6

Breen and Goldthorpe

Answer 6

wc children need more merit

Question 7

criticism of marx

Answer 7

• predictions haven’t come true
• underestimates growing mc instead of shrinking petit bourgeoisie
• groups together

Question 8

weberian view

Answer 8

-class and status are related but separate forms of power and class is most imp
-market and work situation-social inequality reflected here
-didn’t agree with overthrow but fragmentation
BUT status comes from gender, age and ethnicity also
BUT-marx-overlooks basic split
Goldthorpe and Scott-market approach is useful with mc