Class Final

Question 1

Where does glycolysis happen?

Answer 1

Cytoplasm

Question 2

Goal of glycolysis?

Answer 2

Production of 2 pyruvate, 2 ATP, 2NADH/2H+

Question 3

Glycolysis is not dependent on?

Answer 3

Oxygen

Question 4

Pyruvate produced from glycolysis is…

Answer 4

Converted to Acetal COA with oxygen, converted to lactate without oxygen.

Question 5

In other organisms…

Answer 5

Ethanol can be made from pyruvate.

Question 6

What inhibits glycolysis?

Answer 6

ATP, and high Glucose-6-phosphate

Question 7

Which of the following occurs in the mitochondria?

Answer 7

CAC

Question 8

NAD and FAD are vitally important?

Answer 8

Coenzymes

Question 9

The process where glucose is made into glycogen is called?

Answer 9

Glycogenesis

Question 10

The mitochondria is the site of?

Answer 10

CAC and ETC

Question 11

Coenzymes NAD and FAD are derived from?

Answer 11

Vitamins

Question 12

Which of the following is considered the common metabolite?

Answer 12

Acetyl COA

Question 13

Most of the ATP produced in the body is formed during?

Answer 13

ETC

Question 14

How many ATP are produced from the complete oxidation of a single glucose molecule?

Answer 14

32

Question 15

The carbon atoms formed in the catabolism of amino acids can be used in?

Answer 15

CAC

Question 16

The hormone glucagon regulates blood glucose levels by?

Answer 16

Stimulating glycogenolysis

Question 17

The nitrogen part of amino acids can be?

Answer 17

Excreted as urea and used to make nitrogen containing compounds.

Question 18

ATP regulates many of the enzymes in?

Answer 18

CAC

Question 19

Under anaerobic conditions the human body metabolizes glucose into?

Answer 19

Lactate

Question 20

Oxidation phosphorylation is couple with?

Answer 20

The ETC

Question 21

The chemiosmotic theory says?

Answer 21

A proton gradient generated during the ETC allows for the generation of ATP.

Question 22

How much ATP can be can be produced through the anaerobic metabolism of a molecule of glucose?

Answer 22

2

Question 23

The shuttling of fatty acids into the mitochondria is facilitated by?

Answer 23

Carnitine

Question 24

Which are the most important buffers in the blood?

Answer 24

Bicarbonate and carbonic acid.

Question 25

The fatty acid spiral sequence of reactions?

Answer 25

Alkane-alkene-alcohol-ketone

Question 26

Which 2 compounds link the CAC and the urea cycle?

Answer 26

Fumarate and aspartate

Question 27

What is the function of the cori cycle?

Answer 27

To take Lactate from the muscles back to the lover for conversion to glucose.

Question 28

The amino acids in the amino acid pool come from?

Answer 28

Protein turnover, biosynthesis, dietary proteins.

Question 29

The process where glucose is synthesized from pyruvate, lactate, glycerol, and some amino acids?

Answer 29

Gluconeogenesis

Question 30

When the body has not ingested foot in about 40 days how is energy obtained?

Answer 30

Breakdown of body proteins

Question 31

Which of the following inhibits the CAC?

Answer 31

ATP

Question 32

When triglycerides are metabolized what happens to the glycerol?

Answer 32

It enters the glycolytic pathway as dihydroxyacetone-phosphate

Question 33

Which of the following occurs in the mitochondria?

Answer 33

Fatty acid oxidation

Question 34

Which of the following can be used to make glucose?

Answer 34

Oxaloacetate

Question 35

Glycogen is mainly stored?

Answer 35

Muscle and liver

Question 36

The carbons found in amino acids can be used in or to?

Answer 36

CAC, make ketone bodies, make Acetyl COA

Question 37

The process where nitrogen is removed from amino acids involves?

Answer 37

Transamination, deamination, urea formation

Question 38

Which are the only purely ketogenic amino acids?

Answer 38

Leucine and lysine

Question 39

Chemiosmotic theory?

Answer 39

Proton flow across the inner mitochondrial membrane during the ETC provides the energy for the production of ATP.

Question 40

________, _________, and ________ regulate carbohydrates metabolism.

Answer 40

Insulin, glucagon, epinephrine

Question 41

Glucose can be synthesized in a process called ____________ from ________,_________ and _________.

Answer 41

Gluconeogenesis, pyruvate, lactate, glycerol, and some amino acids.

Question 42

_______ stimulates uptake of glucose by cells and also _________ where glucose is stored as glycogen.

Answer 42

Insulin, glycogenesis

Question 43

Proteins are broken into ______ _______ which can be used to make ________.

Answer 43

Amino acids, pyruvate.

Question 44

MACRO

Answer 44

Carbs, lipids, proteins

Question 45

MICRO

Answer 45

Vitamins, minerals

Question 46

Catabolism

Answer 46

Breaking down

Question 47

Anabolism

Answer 47

Building up

Question 48

ATP does what to bonds?

Answer 48

Breaks them and this requires energy

Question 49

ADP+Pi does what to bonds?

Answer 49

Builds them and this makes new energy/disorder

Question 50

What inhibits the CAC?

Answer 50

ATP, NADH, succinyl COA

Question 51

What does the ETC do with water from CAC?

Answer 51

Removes it.

Question 52

ETC formula?

Answer 52

4H+ +4e- + O2—> 2 H2O

Question 53

Chemiosmotic hypothesis?

Answer 53

The mitochondria generates energy

Question 54

How much energy does 1NAD give?

Answer 54

2.5 ATP

Question 55

How much oxygen used in CAC?

Answer 55

90%

Question 56

Glucose, galactose, and Fuctose?

Answer 56

Monosaccharides which is what most carbs are broken into.