class differences in achievement - material deprivation Flashcards
What did Flaherty find about money problems?
money problems in the family are a significant factor in younger children’s non-attendance in school
How does Housing impact educational achievement?
- Difficult to study at home/lack of study space
- Disturbed sleep from having to share a bed with siblings
- More likely to get ill due to damp/cold/lack of heating
- psychological distress from moving around temporary accommodation on a regular basis – all resulting in
absence from school
What did Howard say about diet and health?
says young people from poorer homes have lower intakes of energy, vitamins and minerals. These low energy levels can mean weakened immune systems (and so time off school) and lack of concentration in class.
What did Wilkinson find about the rate of hyperactivity?
found that among 10 year olds, the lower the social class, the higher the rate of hyperactivity, anxiety and conduct disorders which all have a negative impact on the child’s education
can’t afford private schooling/work part time
What did Smith and Noble find about poverty?
poverty acts as a barrier to learning in other ways, such as inability to afford private schooling or tuition, and poorer quality local schools.
Lack of funds also means children from poorer families may have to work part-time (e.g. paper
rounds or babysitting) which can have an effect on their education.
working class students and university choice?
Reay
found that more working-class students would tend to choose a university near home to them, so they could save money by living at home and save on travel costs, even if it meant less chance of going to a higher status university.
They were also more likely to get a job and work part-time to help fund their studies, meaning they would be less likely to gain a higher level degree.
middle class parents and catchment areas?
is Leech and Erick Compos (2003) conducted a study in Coventry, and found that middle-class parents are also more likely to be able to afford a house in the catchment
area of a school that is highly placed in exam league tables.
This is now known as ‘selection by mortgage’ because it drives up the costs of houses near to successful schools and excludes working-class families.
Fear of debt
Callender and Jackson
- Working class students are more debt adverse, viewed debt negatively and as something to be avoided.
Also found that more debt adverse students (typically w/c) were 5 times less likely to Uni than most debt tolerant students (m/c)
Evidence to support fear of debt
Annual cost of an undergraduate degree in England will go up from £9,250 to £9,535 in September 2025
The increased debt burden may deter more working class students from applying
