Class & Crime

Question 1

Sutherland

Answer 1

• White collar crime was defined by him in 1949

* He says that it is ‘crime committed by a person of high social status in the course of their occupation’

Question 2

Who challenged Sutherland?

Answer 2

Croall

Question 3

Occupational crime

Answer 3

Crime committed by employees in the course of their jobs

Question 4

Corporate crime

Answer 4

Crime carried out by business often motivated by the desire to increase profits

Question 5

What’s the third type of crime?

Answer 5

State crime

Question 6

Box

Answer 6

The way society defines crime is focusing on working class, so what we see as ‘theft’ would be more likely to involve a shoplifter rather than a company or bank charging high prices

Question 7

Tombs

Answer 7

Analysed deaths at work and found that the scale of unlawful workplace deaths outweighed the number of recorded homicides, showing many people died in the workplace, but this seems to be ignored

Question 8

Goldstraw-White

Answer 8

Those who were convicted of white-collar crimes often do not see themselves as criminals
• By doing semi-structured interviews
• They said they did not ‘hurt’ anyone, meaning they should not be labelled a criminal

Question 9

Friedrichs

Answer 9

Believes risk plays a large part in white-collar crime
• This activity involves a gamble, which could be part of the appeal
• He also states that big businesses make their decisions for cost-benefit
• They may take the risk to cut corners on health and safety as they want to make additional profits

Question 10

Sutherland (differential association)

Answer 10

How frequently someone is exposed to deviant behaviour
• Criminal practices may become the cultural norm amongst people in businesses, so the white-collar criminal might not actually see themselves as deviant