CLASS, BREED, VARIETY, and STRAIN of Poultry Flashcards
1
Q
It refers to a group of chickens found on a particular region in the world
and or to a group of chickens for a particular purpose
A
Class
2
Q
It is a group of individuals having a common origin and possessing certain distinguishing characteristics not common to other members of the same species.
A
Breed
3
Q
It is a group of strains which by its structural character can be differentiated from another group.
A
Variety
4
Q
It is a group within a variety which constantly differ in one or more genetic factor from variety proper.
A
Strain
5
Q
Smallest among the 4 classes and are good for egg production; nonbroody; clean legged; white earlobes, and are white egg layers.
A
Mediterranean class
6
Q
It is the breed under Mediterranean class
A
Leghorn
7
Q
Variety of chicken which is number one among the 12 varieties of Leghorn and is very popular
A
Single Comb White Leghorn (SCWL)
8
Q
(Strain) Egg Type Birds
8 Brand Names
A
Hyline
H&N
Tatum T-100
Babcock B-300
Stone H-26
Starcross
Dekalb
Kimber
9
Q
(Strain) Egg Type Birds
8 Company
A
Winmar
RFM
A Agronomics
Vitarich
San Miguel Corp.
Robina Corp.
Gen Milling Corp.
Lorenzo Poultry
10
Q
Strain (Broiler Type Birds)
9 Brand Names
A
COBB
ANAK
Hubbard
STARBRO
Hybro
Arbor Acre
PILCH DEKALB
CORNISH
PLYMOUTH
11
Q
Strain (Broiler Type Birds)
9 Campany
A
Vitarich
Four J
Golden Country
Robina Corp
Winmar
San Miguel Corp
GMC
BAI
BAI
12
Q
EGG TYPE BIRDS
Hyaline
A
Winmar
13
Q
EGG TYPE BIRDS
H&N
A
RFM
14
Q
EGG TYPE BIRDS
Tatum T-100
A
A. Agronomics
15
Q
EGG TYPE BIRDS
Babcock B-300
A
Vitarich
16
Q
EGG TYPE BIRDS
Stone H-26
A
San Miguel Corp
17
Q
EGG TYPE BIRDS
Starcross
A
Robina Corp
18
Q
EGG TYPE BIRDS
Dekalb
A
Gen Milling Corp
19
Q
EGG TYPE BIRDS
Kimber
A
Lorenzo Poultry
20
Q
BROILER TYPE BIRDS
COBB
A
Vitarich
21
Q
BROILER TYPE BIRDS
ANAK
A
Four J
22
Q
BROILER TYPE BIRDS
Hubbard
A
Golden Country
23
Q
BROILER TYPE BIRDS
STARBRO
A
Robina Corp
24
Q
BROILER TYPE BIRDS
Hybro
A
Winmar
25
BROILER TYPE BIRDS
Harbor Acre
San Miguel Corp
26
BROILER TYPE BIRDS
PILCH DEKALB
GMC
27
BROILER TYPE BIRDS
CORNISH
BAI
28
BROILER TYPE BIRDS
PLYMOUTH
BAI
29
SCWL
Single Comb White Leghorn
30
a) Clean Legged
b) brown egg layers except LAMONA and HOLLAND
c) Yellow skinned
CLASS – (1) American Class
31
CLASS – (1) American Class
a) Clean Legged
b) brown egg layers except LAMONA and HOLLAND
c) Yellow skinned
32
CLASS (1) American Class- 6 BREEDS
Plymouth Rock
New Hampshire
Wyandotte
Jersey Black Giant
Rode Island
33
CLASS – (2) Asiatic Class
a) Feathered Shanks
b) Heavy Boned
c) Yellow Skinned
d) Red Earlobes
e) Brown Egg Layers
34
CLASS (2) Asiatic Class - 3 BREEDS
a) Brahma
b) Cochin
c) Langshan
35
CLASS – (3) English Class
a) have excellent fleshing qualities
b) white chicken (except CORNISH)
c) red earlobes
d) Brown egg layers (except DORKING & REDCAP)
36
a) Feathered Shanks
b) Heavy Boned
c) Yellow Skinned
d) Red Earlobes
e) Brown Egg Layers
CLASS – (2) Asiatic Class
36
a) have excellent fleshing qualities
b) white chicken (except CORNISH)
c) red earlobes
d) Brown egg layers (except DORKING & REDCAP)
CLASS – (3) English Class
37
CLASS – (4) Mediterranean Class
a) Smallest of the 4 classes
b) Good for egg production
c) non broody
d) Clean legged
e) white ear lobes
f) white egg layers
38
a) Smallest of the 4 classes
b) Good for egg production
c) non broody
d) Clean legged
e) white ear lobes
f) white egg layers
CLASS – (4) Mediterranean Class
39
Class 4 BREEDS
a) Leghorn
d) Andalusian
b) Minocra
e) Mikawa
c) Ancona
40
Enumerate the 4 Classes
(1) American Class
(2) Asiatic Class
(3) English Class
(4) Mediterranean Class
41
12 VARIETIES OF LEGHORN
a) Single comb white (SCW)
b) Single Comb light brown
c) Single Comb Dark Brown
d) Single Comb Buff
e) Single Comb Black
f) Single Comb Silver
g) Single Comb Red
h) Single Comb Black Tailed Red
i) Single Comb Columbian
j) Rose Comb white (RCW)
k) Rose comb Light Brown
l) Rose Comb Dark Brown
42
9 CLASSES of Chicken that are not so popular and numerous
BANTAM
CONTINENTAL
FRENCH
GAMES
HAMBURG
MISCELLANEOUS
ORIENTAL
ORNAMENTAL
POLISH
43
POULTRY PRODUCTION is divided into several specialized branches
1. The BROILER production
2. The MARKET-EGG PRODUCTION
3. The HATCHERY BUSINNES
4. BREEDER & PULLET PRODUCTION
44
A POULTRYMAN must possess the following qualities:
1. Fondness for chicken
2. Business acumen
3. Initiative and Resourcefulness
4. Observant & clinical eyes
5. Attitude and disposition for work
45
As to the LOCATION of the Poultry farm site, the following FACTORS must be considered:
1. Land availability and cost
2. Neighbors & human population
3. Acceptability
4. Market relationship
5. Transportation facilities
6. Electricity, feed & water supply
7. Topography of area
- air movement
- elevation
- direction of rain & water
46
POULTRY CLASSIFICATION OF BROILER FARM 4 ACCORDING TO SIZE:
1. LARGE COMMERCIAL FARMS
2. MEDIUM COMMERCIAL FARMS
3. SMALL COMMERCIAL FARMS
4. SMALL HOLD/BACKYARD FARMS
47
LARGE COMMERCIAL FARMS
Farms that produce 100,00 or more broiler per harvest.
48
MEDIUM COMMERCIAL FARMS
Farms that produces 21,000 – 99,000 broilers per harvest.
49
SMALL COMMERCIAL FARMS
Forms that produce 1,000 – 20,00 broilers per harvest.
50
SMALL HOLD/BACKYARD FARMS
Farms that produce not more than 100 broilers per harvest.
51
Farms that produce 100,00 or more broiler per harvest.
LARGE COMMERCIAL FARMS
52
Farms that produces 21,000 – 99,000 broilers per harvest.
MEDIUM COMMERCIAL FARMS
53
Forms that produce 1,000 – 20,00 broilers per harvest
SMALL COMMERCIAL FARMS
54
Farms that produce not more than 100 broilers per harvest.
SMALL HOLD/BACKYARD FARMS
55
6 CLASSIFICATION OF BROILER FARM ACCORDING TO TYPE OF OPERATION
1. INTEGRATED GROWER FARM
2. CONTRACT GROWER FARM
3. CONTRACT – TO – BUY GROWER FARM
4. INDEPENDENT COMMERCIAL GROWER FARMS
5. CONTRACT BREEDING FARMS
6. INDEPENDENT or COMMERCIAL BREEDER FARM
56
These are farms that breed, hatch, grow and market their own products at their own expense.
INTEGRATED GROWER FARM
(classification of broiler farm)
57
Are farms that grow chickens for the integrator
CONTRACT GROWER FARM
(classification of broiler farm)
58
Contract with an integrator to grow broilers up to a marketable age of about 36 – 42 days.
CONTRACT GROWER FARM
(classification of broiler farm)
59
What is the marketable age of broiler?
36-42 days
60
The grower is assured of at least how many batched a year?
5 batches (crops) a year
61
Who provides the GROWER?
Integrator
62
The INTEGRATOR provides the GROWER
a. Minimum of 10,00 meat type chicks
b. 35,000 kg of feeds
c. Vaccines
d. diagnostic laboratory services
e. Farm planning especially to a new applicant
63
Enumerate what growers provides:
a) housing
b) labor
c) land
d) watering & feeding equipment
(e) brooders
(f) water
g) fuel
h) lighting
i) litter materials
64
This are farms that have tie ups with integrator or cooperatives whereby integrators/cooperatives sell to growers a minimum of 10,000 broiler type chicks and/or feeds at an agreed price.
CONTRACT – TO – BUY GROWER FARM
(classification of broiler farm)
65
At harvest, the farm sells the broiler produced to integrators/cooperatives at an agreed price.
CONTRACT – TO – BUY GROWER FARM
(classification of broiler farm)
66
What is the minimum number of broiler type chicks and/or feeds at an agreed price does integrators/cooperatives sell?
minimum of 10,000
67
These are farms that buy broiler chicks at current market price and mix their own feeds.
INDEPENDENT COMMERCIAL GROWER FARMS
(classification of broiler farm)
68
They raise and market their own produce/harvest
INDEPENDENT COMMERCIAL GROWER FARMS
(classification of broiler farm)
69
These are farms that produce hatching eggs for companies that supply the PARENT STOCK (PS) and feeds.
CONTRACT BREEDING FARMS
(classification of broiler farm)
70
The companies buy back the hatching eggs at an agreed price.
CONTRACT BREEDING FARMS
(classification of broiler farm)
71
These are farms that buy PS and sell hatching eggs and/or day-old chicks to commercial growers.
INDEPENDENT or COMMERCIAL BREEDER FARM
(classification of broiler farm)
72
THE BROILER BREEDING OPERATION (BREEDER FARM)
success is dependent on:
1. The quality of genetic materials used
2. The flock’s production performance
73
What is the main objective of the Broiler Breeding Operation (Breeding Farm)
To achieve and maintain the UNIFORMITY of the birds’ it produces in terms of:
PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS
PRODUCTION PERFORMANCE
74
Physical characteristics of a Broiler
a) Plumage color
b) Body confirmation
c) relative proportion of body parts
75
Production performance of a Broiler
a) body weight
b) growth rate
c) feed conversion efficiency
76
maybe achieved by grading the sizes of birds that will be entered into the breeding flocks.
Flock uniformity
77
2 type of flock uniformity
a) sizes of females
b) sizes of males
78
The sizes of female broilers is best graded at what ages?
23-28 days old
79
The sizes of male broilers is best graded at what ages?
After 35 days of age
80
4 SUPPLY CHAIN STRUCTURE
(A) Characterized by integrated operation of companies that dominates the output
(B) SMALLER and NON – INTEGRATED COMPANIES
(C) VIAJEROS
(D) INSTITUTIONAL BUYERS
81
Characterized by integrated operation of companies that dominates the output:
a) DOC’s or day old chicks
b) Feeds
c) vaccines
d) laboratory services
e) farm planning
f) technical services
82
Companies characterized by integrated operation of companies that dominates the output:
1. San Miguel Food Corp Inc
2. Swift Food Inc
3. Universal Robina Corp
4. Vitarich Corp
5. Tyson Agro-ventures Corp
83
They produce contract for BREEDING, HATCHERY, GROWING & DRESSING
SMALLER and NON – INTEGRATED COMPANIES
84
They grow chickens independently by buying input like DOC’s and feeds from big corporations
SMALLER and NON – INTEGRATED COMPANIES
85
They are the TRADERS in the supply chain wherein they buy live chickens from integrators & underpaid commercial
growers
Viajeros
86
They sell the live birds to dressing plants operators
Viajeros
87
They sell the dressed birds to wet market comprising 60 – 70 % of locally produced dressed chickens
Viajeros
88
4 INSTITUTIONAL BUYERS
- restaurant
- fast food chains
- super market
- retail outlet
89
Issues in STARTING A BROILER PROJECT
1. Personal qualities and capabilities
2. Regular supply of quality DOC’s from reliable suppliers
3. Sustained supply of FEEDS and OTHER FARM INPUTS
4. market assurance
5. Proximity to market and source of raw materials.
6. Community environmental policies and regulations
90
What is the marketable age and weight of a broiler?
36 – 42 days old
weighing 1.6 – 2.0 kg liveweight
91
Parameters in selecting a strain of broilers
1. Performance
2. Adaptability and Availability of Stocks
3. Reliability of Supplies
92
Strain: Ross
Suppliers: ?
- San Miguel Food Inc
-Tyson Agro-Ventures Inc
93
Strain: COBB
Suppliers: ?
-Cobb Vantress Phil
-Phil-Malay
-San Miguel Food Inc
94
Strain: HYBRID
Suppliers: ?
-Swift Food Inc
-Tyson Agro-Venturea Inc
95
Strain: AVIAN
Suppliers: ?
- Swift Food Inc
96
Strain: HUBBARD
Suppliers: ?
- Universal Robina Corp and Mat Agro
97
Strain: STARBRO
Suppliers: ?
- ROBINA CORP
98
Materials and Structure for the frame
COCO LUMBER and GOON LUMBER
99
MATERIALS AND STRUCTURE
1. COCO LUMBER and GOON LUMBER
2. GALVANIZED IRON sheets, ASBESTOS, and ALUMINUM. Also, COGON and NIPA
3. BAMBOO, WOOD or RATTAN
4. NETS
5. POSTS
6. WALLS and DIVIDERS – plastic net; fishnets or bamboo.
7. POULTRY HOUSE
8. COOLING DEVICES
100
Materials used for roofing
Galvanized Iron Sheets
Asbestos
Aluminum
also, Cogon and Nipa
101
materials used as flooring
bamboo
wood or rattan slats
102
What is the measurement of the space in between slats in flooring?
1.5 inches
103
The slats width in flooring
2.5 cm width
104
With 2.5 cm holes, these are used as over lay on top of slatted floors. It reduces the incidence of lameness & breast blisters
Nets
105
Measurement of net holes
2.5 cm holes
106
Nets reduces what?
Lameness and breast blisters
107
Posts which is made of concrete should have how many inches in diameter.
8 inches
108
It is elevated to provide ventilation to reduce incidence of coccidiosis and ammonia – induced diseases
Posts
109
Examples of walls and dividers
plastic net
fishnets or bamboo
110
Poultry house orientation to minimize exposure to direct sunlight
Long narrow and constructed East-West
111
Width RECOMMENDATION of poultry house (under Philippine condition)
24-30 feet
112
space between houses RECOMMENDATION of poultry house (under Philippine condition)
45 feet
113
floor height RECOMMENDATION of poultry house– to minimize ammonia build up (under Philippine condition)
5.9 feet
114
floor & ceiling height
RECOMMENDATION of poultry house for optimum ventilation (under Philippine condition)
8 feet
115
COOLING DEVICES
- sprinklers; foggers & ventilation fans
- reflector paint for the roofing
116
2 types of HOUSING
1. Slatted floor type
2. Litter floor type
117
Why brooding and growing are done in the same house?
to eliminate stress due to transfer of chicks during the growing period.
118
The process of providing supplemental heat to keep the brooder temperature at 31.1 or 33,3 degrees Celsius for 24 hours from hatching up to the chicks have grown sufficient feathers to control their own body
temperatures.
Brooding
119
brooder temperature for 24 hours
31.1 or 33.3 degrees Celsius
120
What happened if heat is insufficient?
Without sufficient heat, chicks chill, and it predispose them to disease
resulting in death.
121
Brooding last in how many weeks
2-3 weeks
122
optimum brooding temperature should be:
WARM
DRY
CLEAN SPACE
Plenty of CLEAN FRESH WATER
123
ELEMENTS OF A SUCCESSFUL BROODING
A. GOOD QUALITY CHICKS
B. PROPER TEMPERATURE
C. ADEQUATE SPACE ALLOWANCE
D. PROPER VENTILATION
E. ADEQUATE LIGHTING FACILITIES
F. PROPER SANITATION
G. PROTECTION FROM PREDATORS
124
GOOD QUALITY CHICKS
a) look active
b) dry & fluffy feathers
c) bright eyes
d) well – healed navels
e) similar sizes of DOC’s
125
PROPER TEMPERATURE
of 1-7 days chicks
32.2 – 35.0°C
126
PROPER TEMPERATURE
of 8-14 days chicks
29.4 – 32.2°C
127
PROPER TEMPERATURE
of 15-21 days chicks
26.7 – 29.4°C
128
PROPER TEMPERATURE
of beyond 21 days chicks
When necessary
129
Instrument measuring temperature
Thermometer
130
ADEQUATE BROODING TEMPERATURE
- When chicks are uniformly distributed and doing activities like feeding, drinking, sleeping and playing
131
LOWER THAN WHAT is REQUIRED BROODING TEMPERATURE
- Chicks huddle and stay together near the source of heat and produce an unusual chirping sound.
132
TEMPERATURE IS CRITICALLY LOW
- Chicks huddle and pile on top of another causing mortality.
133
TEMPERATURE IS HIGHER THAN WHAT THE CHICKS NEED
- Chicks move away from the source of heat, spread their wings,
pants & drink a lot of water. Death is due to heat stroke.
- Chicks move away from the source of heat, spread their wings,
pants & drink a lot of water. Death is due to heat stroke.
134
FLOOR SPACE ALLOWANCE
1 sq m or 10.8 sq ft per 75-150 chicks
135
under the heat source floor allowance
1 sq m per 25-50 chicks w/in the chick guard
136
FEEDING SPACE
2-3.1 inches in linear space per
chick
137
LINEAR SPACE ALLOWANCE FOR WATERERS AND FEEDERS
4 in & 2.03 cm or .8 in/bird
138
FLOAT CONTROLLED DRINKING THROUGH
one HANGING FOUNTAIN enough for 80–100 birds
139
small cup
50 birds
140
one NIPPLE
10-12 birds
141
It can be used as burlaps curtains
Sack
JUTE CLOTH
142
ADEQUATE LIGHTING FACILITIES
50 - 10 watt bulb
143
SOURCES OF HEAT FOR BROODER
- Electricity
- Lequified Petroleum Gas (LPG)
144
The use of incandescent bulb, infrared lamp and hover type heaters. THERMOSTATS
are provided inside the brooder compartment to regulate the temperature.
Electricity
145
A 50 kg LPG cylinder is sufficient to provide heat to 1000 chicks for 18 days.
It is used in large scale poultry farm &
when electricity is not available
Lequified Petroleum Gas
146
A ______ LPG cylinder is sufficient to provide heat to _____chicks for ______ days.
50 kg LPG
1000 chicks
18 days
147
Adjustment of Hover Guard
a) newly arrived chicks – ______ above the back
b) 4 days old chicks – above the back.
15 cm
15-30 cm
148
PREPARATION OF THE BROODER HOUSE.
1. ready, properly cleaned, repaired and disinfected prior to arrival of chicks
2. Heater should be turned on 4 hours before the arrival of chicks
3. Adjustment of Hover Guard
4. USE of BROODER GUARD
149
some farms install __________ made of burlap curtains to better control the temperature inside the brooding house.
FALSE CEILING
150
one of the critical factors that influences survival rate & growth performance
Handling of broiler chicks
151
Check the condition of the newly arrived chicks more frequently during the ________.
first 48 hours
152
Provide the broiler chicks with _______ for drinking within ________ hours of arrival.
5% sugar solution
3 hours
153
Brooder temperature can be reduced by ___°C/week until the chicks are ___ weeks old.
3°C/week
3 weeks
154
Waterers should be set about _____ away from the nearest feeder.
1 m
156
CLASS (3) English Class - 3 BREEDS
a) Orpington
b) Sussex
c) Cornish
157
158
Class – (4) Mediterranean Class Breeds
a) Leghorn
b) Minorca
c) Ancona
d) Andalusian
e) Mikawa
