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AAC > Class 6 > Flashcards

Class 6 Flashcards

1
Q

selection set:
all of the items that can b e

in other words what the individual with CCN has to ?

for reference, individuals who use speech to communicate can select from:
… words
…. words

A

used in AAC system to compose a message for comm.

choose from in order to comm. his/her/their messages

150,000
20,000

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2
Q

individuals who use AAC systems:
need to ?
recognize the symbols that ?
… those words for production

A

locate desired vocab
represent words/messages they want
retrieve

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3
Q

selection set features:
display type:

physical characteristics of the display:
….
.. an d.. of display

A

fixed, dynamic hybrid

number, size, spacing, arrangement of representations
-orientation and size of the display

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4
Q

fixed displays:
symbols/rep. are ?

-
can include ?

A

fixed in a particular location - they don’t change

  • low-tech, non-electronic systems and mid-tech electronic systems
  • communication boards/books
  • mid-tech voice output comm. aids

2-D and 3-D rep.

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5
Q

dynamic displays:
computer screen displays that can be ?

require some way to ?

A

changed to a new set of symbols

navigate from one display to the next

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6
Q

hybrid displays:
electronic ?

examplea:
indicator lighting ?

visual scene displays with

keyboard with

A

fixed displays with a dynamic component

changed for icon encoding

pop up grids

word prediction

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7
Q

physical characteristics and clinical considerations:
-number of rep.: one unique symbol for every message means the number of symbols=

-encoding system allows for an ?

size of representations: fine motor skills may require ? or?

size of display: determined by

A

the number of messages

-increased number of messages with a limited # of items

larger items for less precise access/smaller items for more limited movement

visual and motor skills, also larger displays have capacity for more symbols

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8
Q

physical characteristics and clinical considerations:
spacing of rep.: reduced range of motion may require
-poor fine motor or vision skills may require:

arrangement of rep.: field cuts may dictate

orientation of the display:
vision may dictate
motor limitations require

A

closely grouped items
spacing and or large borders between items

how items can be arranged

distance and position of device
specific positioning

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9
Q

II. Access techniques

Access =

two primary kinds:

A

direct selection

indirect (scanning) selection

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10
Q

direct selection:

pointing with ?

pointing with physical contact but ?
-any kind of

-

speech ?
-intelligible speech but poor ?
-
-not

pick up and?

  • individuals with ? until condition ?
A

physical contact and force or pressure
-any kind of touchscreen, typing on a keyboard

  • no force or pressure
  • comm. notebook

physical contact

  • headlight
  • eye gaze

recognition

  • motor function
  • SCI
  • dysarthria

exchange (PECS)

handwriting:
- ALS
- prevents them from doing so

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11
Q

activation strategies:
when using electronic displays: two ways to activate selection

timed activation:

  • individual with CCN identifies item on display and ? before activated
  • useful for individuals who use ?

release activation:
-individual with CCN identifies item on display and ?
the item is only activated when the individual ?
helpful for individuals with ? and need to ? and for those who move too slowly for ?

A
  • holds their selection for some period of time (aka dwell)
  • cursors, headstocks, light pointers

maintains contact with display or screen

  • releases
  • involuntary movements /lean on the device for stability/timed activation
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12
Q 
indirect selection (aka) 
the individual with CCN can only select their desired vocab item or message from the selection set ?

nonelectronic (partner-assisted) scanning:
a person names the item sin the selection and or? and waits for the individual with CCN to ?

electronic scanning:
the AAC device presents the items in the ? the person with CCN may indicate a choice using an ?

A

after waiting for options to be presented

points /indicate choice using aided or unaided strategy

selection set/aided strategy (switch interface)

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13
Q

directed (inverse) scanning:
the individual with CCN …and scanning…

a indicator on the device ?

when individual releases ? a ?

useful for individuals who have a hard time ? but once they dp they can ? and ?

A

holds down/activates switch/begins on device

moves from one option to the next as long as switch is held down

switch/selection is made

activating switch/sustain it and release accurately when they see phrase/word they want

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14
Q

automatic (regular) scanning:
the indicator or cursor moves ?
when the indicator or cursor gets to the item they want the individual selects it by ?

useful for individuals. who can ? but have trouble

A

across display continuously in one of patterns described above

hitting the switch

can activate a switch accurately/ sustaining activation

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15
Q

step (two switch) scanning:
the individual uses one switch to move ? and then either
a.
b. uses a ?

Useful for individuals who are just beginning to ? or those who have ?

A

cursor across items on display

a. wait for selection to be activated
b. second switch to activate

learn scanning/significant cognitive or motor deficits

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16
Q

scanning patterns:
circular scan moves through ?
linear presents each item in a selection set?
group-item scan moves through the selection set in?
- 2 types

A

items in pattens similar to that of a clock

individually

through selection set in groupings

  • row column
  • group row column
17
Q

scanning timing:
nonelectric scanning:
a person ?
benefit: timing speed can be ?

electronic scanning:
the device ?
challenge: timing speed is set by ? and can only be adjusted ?

A

speaks/names item sin selection set or points to them on display
-adjusted in the moment

  • presents items in selection set
  • ahead of time
18
Q

feedback: provided to the individual ?

two primary types:
activation feedback:
purpose: informs the individual that is using AAC device?
does NOT provide info about?

message feedback:
purpose: provides info about ?
allows the individual who is using AAC too ?

A

that activation has occured
-which symbols or messages have been selected

symbol or message that has been selected
monitor their messages for accuracy as they are being composed

19
Q

activation feedback: did i make a selection

auditory: may be a ?

visual;
electronic devices:
non electronic devices: seeing a?

tactile: contact with

proprioceptive:
pressure against a resistant surface that ?
many keyboard are designed to give? like that feeling of a ?

A

beep, click or other generic sound

  • light flash, symbol flash backlit display
  • body part or head stick come in contact with item on display

-textured surface of symbols

  • moves when pressure threshold exceeded
  • subtle tactile feedback/click when you press the key
20
Q

message feedback: what did i select

auditory: key or word phrases ?
visual: some devices can be set up to show the ?

tactile and proprioceptive: not

none: there are many devices that have no ?

A

echo

selections on the screen for the AAC user during message construction

available in AAC systems

special feedback during message composition

21
Q

output:
auditory output:
synthesized (aka)
-generated from words or sentences entered into AAC tech. and ?

digitized speech: someone’s ?

A

text-to-speech
-synthetically produced as speech waveforms

-voice is recorded, stored, and reproduced when activated

22
Q

visual output: unaided:
gestures and manual signs are considered ?

BUT these are ? so it can be difficult for individuals with ?
challenges: not all comm. partners will understand

A

visual outputs

temporary / memory impairments or individuals who have difficult processing info that is fleeting

idiosyncratic gestures and or manual signs

23
Q 
visual output: aided symbols: 
-visual symbols on a ?
written words labels that?
written ?
look at the ?

challenges: comm. partner must be able to ? both in terms having sufficient ? and in terms of the ?

A

low or high tech AAC device

  • correspond to visual symbols on the device
  • text on the device display for the comm. partner to read
  • message display window

see display/ visual acuity/environment

24
Q

visual output: used to supplement

helpful for

  • illustrating message
  • establishing and maintaining
  • resolving
  • communicating with someone who has a
  • communicating in a
  • communicating with someone who is ?
A

visually

  • conversational topic
  • comm. breakdowns
  • hearing impairment
  • noisy environment
  • unfamiliar with person using AAC

AAC (6 decks)

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