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MCAT - Physics > Class 4 > Flashcards

Class 4 Flashcards

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1
Q

Temperature is related to average _______ of molecules.

A

Kinetic energy

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2
Q

Is temperature an intensive property? What does that mean?

A

Yes. Doesn’t depend upon the amount of material

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3
Q

Is heat an intensive property?

A

No! It depends on the amount of material and is thus extrinsic.

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4
Q

Does a material change temperature during phase change

A

No

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5
Q

What is the Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics?

A

Defines temperature as a fundamental property of any substance. When two substances are in contact, heat transfers between them until they achieve the same temperature, i.e. thermal equilibrium.

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6
Q

What are 3 modes of heat transfer?

A
  1. Conduction
  2. Convection
  3. Radiation
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7
Q

What is conduction?

A

Heat transfer through solids in direct contact.

Ability to conduct is material-dependent.

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8
Q

What is convection?

A

Heat transfer through fluid circulation

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9
Q

What is radiation?

A

Heat transfer by emission and absorption of electromagnetic energy

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10
Q

What are the relative speeds of heating?

A

Conduction -> Convection -> Radiation

slowest fastest

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11
Q

What is the equation for the first law of thermodynamics?

A

(delta)E = Q - W

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12
Q

Work (W) is positive when what does the work?

A

The system. Work done ON the system will be negative

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13
Q

When is Q positive/negative in thermodynamics?

A

Positive Q means energy is put INTO the system.

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14
Q

For an ideal gas, the only internal energy is what? And how is this measured?

A

Only internal energy in an ideal gas is KE which directly correlates with temperature.

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15
Q

For a substance to change state (e.g. liquid to gas) must there by some sort of energy transfer?

A

Yes, and the total amount of energy between the two are conserved

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16
Q

What does isochoric mean?

A

constant volume (delta V = 0)

17
Q

What does adiabatic mean?

A

There is no heat transfer (Q = 0)

18
Q

Pressure = ?

A

Force/Area

19
Q

If a gas exerts pressure on a piston head and moves it, is it doing work?

A

Yes.

Conversely, contraction of a gas and dropping of a piston head is negative work

20
Q

What is the equation for the work done by an ideal gas (when in a container)

A

W = P(delta)V

21
Q

In an isochoric process, what is the first law of thermodynamics (eqn)?

A

(delta)E = Q

The system CANNOT do work because the volume CANNOT change, and thus W = 0

22
Q

What is the equation for an isothermal process (in terms of first law)

A

Q = W

Since temperature did not change, (delta)E = 0 and it drops out.

23
Q

What is the first law for an adiabatic process?

A

(delta)E = -W

24
Q

How can you determine/estimate the work done by a system using a P-V diagram?

A

Work = area under the curve

25
Q

Work on a system = ?

A

(delta)KE + (delta)PE/ (delta)E

26
Q

What is specific gravity?

A

Density of fluid/density of water

27
Q

What is gauge pressure?

A

Difference between surface pressure and at some other point (essentially zeroed to atmosphere).

28
Q

What

is true of weight and buoyant force for a floating object?

A

W = Fb

density object/density water = volume submerged/volume object

29
Q

Assuming flow speed, v, is constant across area, A, flow = ?

A

f = Av

flow rate = area x flow speed

30
Q

For an incompressible fluid, is flow rate constant throughout a pipe?

A

A1v1 = A2v2

Speed is inversely proportional to area

31
Q

What is Bernoulli’s eqn?

A

P1 + rhogy1 + 1/2rhov1^2 = P2 + rhogy2 + 1/2rhov2^2

P1 + PE1 + KE1 = P2 + PE2 + KE2

32
Q

Work = ?

A

Force x distance

33
Q

Inside a pump, at a constant height, higher speed (v) = ________ pressure

A

Lower!

Kinda counterintuitive, right?

34
Q

Is any fluid exposed to the atmosphere the same t all points?

A

Yes

MCAT - Physics (9 decks)

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