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Anatomy Lower Limb > Class 2 > Flashcards

Class 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What innervates gluteus maximus

A

Interior gluteal nerve

Below piriformis

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2
Q

What supplies tensor fasciae latae, gluteus minimis (flat over bone) and medius

A

Superior gluteal nerve

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3
Q

What is the iliotibila tract

A

Thickened fascia where gluteus Maximus and tensor fascia late attach

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4
Q

What are the deep muscles of the gluteal region

A

Piriformis - goes up to sacrum
Obturator internus - in between gemelli
Superior and inferior gemelli - two small muscles
Quadratus femoris - larger square muscle further down

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5
Q

What is the action of the deep muscles

A

Lateral rotation

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6
Q

What are the nerve roots of the sacral plexus

A

L4-S4

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7
Q

What are the main branches of the sacral plexus

A 
Sciatic nerve
Pudendal nerve (more medial)
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8
Q

Where does the sciatic nerve emerge

A

Inferior and anterior to piriformis

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9
Q

Where does sciatic nerve travel between

A

Two heads of biceps femoris

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10
Q

What is the nerve root of superior gluteal nerve

A

L4-S1

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11
Q

What is the nerve root of the inferior gluteal nerve

A

L5-S2

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12
Q

What does sciatic nerve bifurcate into at popliteal fossa

A

Tibial

Common fibular nerve

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13
Q

What is the nerve roots of tibial

A

L4-S3

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14
Q

What is the nerve root of common fibular

A

L4-S3

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15
Q

What does common fibular divide into and what does it supply

A 
Superficial fibular (L4-S1) - lateral compartment 
Deep fibular (L4-L5) - anterior compartment beside tibial artery
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16
Q

Where does common fibular nerve pass between

A

Attachments of fibularis longus

17
Q

What type of joint is the knee joint

A

Synovial hinge

18
Q

What makes up the knee joint

A

Medial and lateral condyles of femur
Tibia
Posterior surface of patella

19
Q

What ligaments support the knee joint

A 
Lateral collateral
Medial collateral
Patellar 
ACL
PCL
20
Q

What tendon separates lateral collateral from lateral meniscus

A

Popliteal

21
Q

What is the unhappy triad

A

Medial collateral attached to medial cruciate

so if damaged ACL tears due to load

22
Q

What does ACL prevent

A

Posterior dislocation

Poor blood supply so commonly injured

23
Q

What does PCL prevent

A

Hyperflexion and anterior dislocation

24
Q

What are menisci

A

Fibrocartilage
Increase stability
Shock absorption

25
Q

What muscles are involved in flexion of the knee

A 
Hamstrings
Gracillis
Sartorius 
Popliteus
Gastrocnemius
26
Q

What muscles are involved in extension

A

Quadriceps

27
Q

What meniscus is smaller and more circular

A

Lateral

ACL infant of it

Anatomy Lower Limb (4 decks)

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