Class 2

Question 1

Sleep is a ____ process and is biological _______

Answer 1

Active

Imperative

Question 2

Sleep is

Answer 2

Reversible behavioral state3 of perceptual disengagement from and unresponsiveness to environment

Question 3

____ and _____ prevent and disturb sleep

Answer 3

Insomnia

Pain

Question 4

_____ dreams more common and have more vivid dreams

Answer 4

REM dreams

Question 5

Is EEG slowed during sleep

Answer 5

No very similar to being awake sometimes more active

Question 6

Stage I

Answer 6

Transitioning from awake to asleep

5% of night-easy to awaken

Question 7

Stage 2

Answer 7

Light sleep
50% of night-brain activity slopes
Bursts of activity-Transfer from short to long term memory

Question 8

Stage 3&4

Answer 8

Slow wave sleep
10-20% of night-secretion of growth hormones, cell repair and rebuilding

1st half of night-wake up refreshed low heart breathing rate

Question 9

What stage can you be roused

Answer 9

Stage 2

Question 10

REM length

Answer 10

20-120 minutes

20-25% of the night

Question 11

During REM

Answer 11

Brain recovery dreaming processing memories

Brain waves close to wakefulness and bP heart rate

Question 12

REM length ____ over night

Answer 12

Increases

Question 13

N3

Answer 13

Deep Sleep SWS decreases across adolescence

Declines further into old age. Can’t wake children

Question 14

There are brief periods of

Answer 14

Wakefulness later in night-not long enough to be remembered except in old age

Question 15

SWS length

Answer 15

Depends on prior wakefulness

Question 16

REM sleep is linked to

Answer 16

Circadian rhythms

Question 17

Sleep onset linked to

Answer 17

Falling body temps

Question 18

Wakefulness linked to

Answer 18

Rising body temps

Question 19

Narcolepsy prevalence

Answer 19

1 in 1400

Question 20

Cataplexy

Answer 20

Type of narcolepsy

REM sleep intrudes into wakefulness-muscle Antonia

Question 21

Sleepiness

Answer 21

Fall sleep in 5-6 minutes during day

Question 22

EDS

Answer 22

Excessive daytime sleepiness

Question 23

EDS prevalence

Answer 23

10%

Question 24

Short sleepers have

Answer 24

Much higher risk of chronic conditions

Question 25

EDS risk factors

Answer 25

``` Sleep hours Martial status-single SNoring several nights weekly Depression Employment -FT Shift work ```

Question 26

Measuring Sleepiness

Answer 26

Behavioral signs Subjective reports Influences/masking

Question 27

Objective measures

Answer 27

Psychomotor vigilance | Multiple Sleep Latency test

Question 28

Sleep is regulated by 2 systems

Answer 28

Sleep/wake homeostasis Circadian biologic clock

Question 29

_______ alerting system keeps you Albert later in the day

Answer 29

Circadian altering system

Question 30

Sleep is characterized by decrease in

Answer 30

``` Body temp BP BR Other bodily functions But an active brain ```

Question 31

Sleep is not a ___

Answer 31

Time out Increase Parasympathetic Increase in some endo secretions

Question 32

Extracellular space

Answer 32

In brain increases in brain during sleep

Question 33

20X greater

Answer 33

CSF flow during sleep

Question 34

There states of being

Answer 34

1) Wkae 2) Non-REM SLeep Stage 1, 2, 3, 4, 2=50% 3,4= 30% 3) REM=20%

Question 35

A normal sleep pattern has how many cycles per night

Answer 35

4-5

Question 36

Primary effect of sleep deprivation

Answer 36

EDS

Question 37

Apnea

Answer 37

Cessation of airflow for > 10 seconds

Question 38

Hypopnea

Answer 38

Decreased airflow >10s associated with O2 desaturation and or arousal

Question 39

Apnea-hypopnea index=

Answer 39

Total #s (apnea+Hypopneas)/Hours of sleep

Question 40

Severity of Sleep Apnea

Answer 40

AHI Normal =<5 Mild=5-14 Moderate =15-30 Severe= >30 Per hour of sleep

Question 41

Obstructive Sleep apnea Syndrome

Answer 41

Definition AHI> 5+ daytime hypersomnolence

Question 42

Hypersomnolence

Answer 42

Daytime sleeping

Question 43

Epworth Sleepiness Scale

Answer 43

Test to measure sleepiness 0-10 normal 10-12 borderline 12-24 abnormal

Question 44

Causes of OSAS

Answer 44

Anatomic airway narrowing wall collapsibility with sleep induced loss of muscle tone and insufficient dilator muscle contraction on inspiration

Question 45

Narrow part I

Answer 45

Increased velocity Decreased Pressure

Question 46

Narrow part 2

Answer 46

Increased velocity Vibrates soft tissue=noise

Question 47

_____ results in snoring ______results in airway collapse ie apnea

Answer 47

High velocity Low pressure

Question 48

Pediatric Sleep breathing disorders

Answer 48

Associated with orocranuiofacial features of retro positioned mandible High arched palate Narrow intermolar width

Question 49

The most common cause of EDS is

Answer 49

Chronic insufficient sleep

Question 50

STOP BANG

Answer 50

Snorng Tired Observed Blood Pressure BMI Age Neck circumference Gender More than 3= high risk

Question 51

Clear plastic advantages

Answer 51

Esthetics Hygiene Comfort Tooth movements —Intrusion

Question 52

Clear plastic limitations

Answer 52

``` Tooth movements -Ttrnalation -Rotation -Extrusion Speed Expense ```

Question 53

What is now required for clear aligners

Answer 53

Impression Photographs Bite reg & pan not needed

Question 54

Type of impression needed

Answer 54

Upper and lower both always Putty with light body seated evenly

Question 55

As the tray is forced over the height of contour

Answer 55

And locks ontot he teeth it’s distorted

Question 56

The aligned exerts a

Answer 56

Force on the teeth where it’s distorted

Question 57

Attachment helps

Answer 57

Direct forces

Question 58

Generally alingers

Answer 58

Push

Question 59

Rotation and extrusion can be facilitated by

Answer 59

Modifying an aligned to allow sue of an elastic to a button on the torated tooth