Class 2

Question 1

Cell Body (soma)

Answer 1

home of nucleus and lots of machinery. part of neuron that coordinates information-processing tasks and keeps the cell alive.

Question 2

neurons

Answer 2

cells in nervous system that communicate with one another to perform information-processing tasks

Question 3

dendrites

Answer 3

part of neuron that receives and relays information

Question 4

axons

Answer 4

part of neuron that carries information from the cell body to the terminal

Question 5

axon hillock

Answer 5

origin point of the action potential

Question 6

synapse

Answer 6

site where presynaptic neuron communicates via chemical signals with a postsynaptic neuron

Question 7

resting membrane potential (RMP)

Answer 7

voltage difference between intracellular and extracellular areas (-70 mV)

Question 8

Why is there RMP?

Answer 8

Cell membrane, no free flow out of neuron
Ion distribution, Na+, Cl-, Ca+2, concentrated outside cell. K+ and negatively charged proteins inside cell.
Sodium-Potassium Pump, actively moves 3Na+ cells out for every 2K+ in (energy)
Leaky Potassium Channels, allow K+ to flow out

Question 9

Dendritic Signal Transmission

Answer 9

Passive- current flows extremely fast
Rapid Decay- Current weakens quickly
Summation- multiple signals that converge at axon hillock will summate
IFF summed amplitude exceeds threshold then Action Potential

Question 10

action potential

Answer 10

electric signal that is conducted along a neuron’s axon to a synapse

Question 11

resting potential

Answer 11

difference in electric charge between inside and outside of a neuron’s cell membrane

Question 12

Characteristics of action potential

Answer 12

voltage gated Na channels allows open current and Na+ influx which causes opening of nearby voltage-gated Na+ channels

Active process allows transmission over very long distances
Myelin provides insulation which allows fastrer saltatory conduction from nodes between myelin sheaths