Class

Question 1

Howard

Answer 1

MATERIAL DEPRIVATION
Children from poor families have poor diets lacking nutrients

• Free school meals

Question 2

Bernstein

Answer 2

CULTURAL DEPRIVATION
Language codes- restricted and elaborated

• Keddie- victim blaming (blames wc language)

Question 3

Becker

Answer 3

INTERNAL
Teachers label students leading to self fulfilling prophecy

-Fuller- study into black girls in London- rejected labels

Question 4

Douglas

Answer 4

CULTURAL DEPRIVATION
Wc parents less value on education

• Keddie- victim blaming

Question 5

Sugarman

Answer 5

CULTURAL DEPRIVATION
Wc have different culture
4 elements
1. Fatalism
2. Collectivism
3. Immediate gratification
4. Present time orientation

-

Question 6

Tanner

Answer 6

MATERIAL DEPRIVATION
Cost of transport, books, computers, uniform and equipment can put heavy burden on WC families

• pupil premium

Question 7

Bourdieu

Answer 7

EXTERNAL
Three interlinked types of capital
- Cultural
- Economic
- Educational

Money leads to experience leads to academic achievement (educational capital)

-Sullivan (2001) cultural capital was only part of the reason for social class differences in educational achievement (access to resources and greater aspirations also had big impact)

Question 8

Cultural deprivation

Answer 8

Having inferior norms and values, skills and knowledge that make it difficult to access education

Question 9

Material deprivation

Answer 9

Not having the resources or spaces available to do well in school- linked to poverty

Question 10

Hargreaves

Answer 10

INTERNAL
Streaming is meant to be based on ability but it’s based on class
Wc from anti school subcultures in response to being labelled a ‘failure’

-Ball- abolishing streaming study- labelling continued- those labelled positively got better exam results

• Functionalists argue that despite this, education system is still meritocratic

Question 11

Gillborn and Youdell

Answer 11

Educational triage

-Those who will pass anyway
-Those with potential
-Hopeless cases

Produces self fulfilling prophecy and failure

• ## Fuller- reject labels

Question 12

Habitus

Answer 12

The way people perceive and respond to social world they inhabit

Taken for granted ways of thinking, acting and being shared by WC

Question 13

Becker

Answer 13

INTERNAL
Ideal pupil
Interviewed 60 Chicago pupils
Teachers judged on how closely students were to ideal pupil

• Fuller- rejection of labels