Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

NURS 1003 > Class 12 > Flashcards

Class 12 Flashcards

1
Q

an organization of people, institutions, resources working together to deliver health care

A

Health system concept

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Health care system characteristics

A

purpose
specialized healthcare workforce
public trust
interactions between internal/external environment

Included
hospitals
clinics and ambulatory care centers
nursing homes
speciality HCOs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Emerging concept. a type of care provided to a section of the population in need

A

spheres of practice concept

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Sphere of Practice: Health and wellness

A

Individuals are generally healthy; access healthcare for minor illnesses/injury or to seek methods of health promotion
Largest sphere; least expenditures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Sphere of Practice: Acute and Restorative care

A

Unexpected serious health event; includes acute phase of illness + restorative phase
Small segment of the population at any given time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Sphere of Practice:Chronic disease management

A

One or more chronic illnesses that require ongoing care
Very large segment of healthcare

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Sphere of Practice: palliative care

A

Needed across the lifespan
Focus on meeting physical, psychological, emotional, cultural, social, and spiritual needs
75% of end of life care would benefit from palliative care

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

4 spheres of practice

A

1) health and wellness
2) Actue and restorative care
3) chronic disease management
4) Palliative care

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

3 types of health care delivery agencies

A

1) institutional
2) community
3) private sector

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

1867 Canada became a self governing colony

A

british North America act

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

1920s

A

pay per service
community taxes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

1957 hospital insurance and diagnostic service act

A

Proposed by Tommy Douglas
Modeled after work he was doing in Saskatchewan
Public, universal hospital insurance plan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

1966

A

medical care act

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

1984

A

canada health act

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

interlocking set of 10 provincial and 3 territorial insurance schemes that provide prepaid access to medically necessary hospital and physician services to all citizens and permanent residents” (Perry & Potter, 2019, p. 16)
A key component of Canadian social safety net – source of pride for many Canadians
Provides hospital and medical insurance
Funded through general taxation

A

medicare

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

canada health act replaced

A

1.) Hospital Insurance & Diagnostic Services Act (1957)
2.) Medical Care Act (1966)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Canada health act

A

Acts as the basis for health care in Canada

Outlawed extra billing & user fees

Allowed multiple points of access to the health care system and insurance for care providers other than physicians

Within the framework of Canada Health Act, provincial & territorial governments are free to develop their own health plans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

5 principles of Canada health act

A

1) public administration: operate on non-profit basis through public authority
2) comprehensiveness: Cover medically necessary servies
3) universality: free of discrimination
4) portability: coverage across Canada for insured residents
5) accessibility: reasonable access, regardless of ability to pay

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

1985

A

indian act. Identifies the health services provided to First Nation and Inuit people by the federal government
Truth and Reconciliation Commission
Direct delivery of services where they live
Include primary care and emergency services
Remote and isolated reserves
Includes non-insured health benefits program

Jordan’s Principle: Jordan’s Principle makes sure all First Nations children living in Canada can access the products, services and supports they need, when they need them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Federal Government
Canada Health Act Principles
Financing
Services for certain groups (Indigenous, military, inmates)
Provincial/Territorial Government
Health Care Insurance Plan
Manage, finance, and plan insurable health services
Facility planning and maintenance
Payment of health care providers and hospital budgets
Professionals
Self-regulation of standards and competencies

A

Canadian health care service organization

21
Q

The federal government

A

Sets and administers national principles
Assists in financing of health care services through transfer payments
Delivers health services for Indigenous people, veterans, federal inmates, and Royal Canadian Mounted Police*
Provides national policy and programming to promote health and prevent disease

22
Q

Provincial and terriotiual governments

A

Develop and administer their own health care insurance plans
Manage, finance, and plan insurable health care services and delivery, in alignment with CHA principles
Determine organization and location of hospitals or long-term care facilities; employ health providers in various specialties; and determine amount of money dedicated to health care services
Reimburse physician and hospital costs and some rehabilitation and long-term care services, usually on the basis of co-payments with individual users

23
Q

NL health services health zones

A

Eastern-Rural
Eastern-Urban
Central
Western
Labrador-Grenfell

Created following recommendations from Health Accord NL

24
Q

professional jurisdiction

A

Most health professions are self-regulated.
They manage standards, competencies, codes of ethics, and disciplinary actions for their members

Some are regulated through governments or other regulatory mechanisms.

25
Q

The foundation of Canada’s Health Care System
A philosophy and a model for improving health that focuses on promoting health and preventing illness.
It places attention primarily on the aspects of people’s lives that make them sick
Emphasis on health promotion and disease prevention

A

Primary health care (PHC) framework

26
Q

4 pillars of primary health care

A

Teams
Access
Information
Healthy Living

27
Q

Barriers to PHC

A

Utilization
Delivery
Leadership

28
Q

Levels of care

A

1) Health Promotion
2) Disease and Injury Prevention
3) Diagnosis and Treatment
4) Rehabilitation
5) Supportive Care

29
Q

Level of care: Level 1: Health Promotion

A

Enabling people to increase control over and improve their health
Wellness services
Promotion of self-esteem in children and adolescents
Advocacy for healthy public policy
Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion

30
Q

Level of care: Level 2: Disease and Injury Prevention

A

Reduce risk factors for disease and injury
Prevention strategies
Clinical actions
Immunizing
Behavioural aspects
Support groups
Environmental actions
Climate control activism

31
Q

Level of care: Level 3: Diagnosis and Treatment

A

Recognizing and managing the existing health problems of individuals
Primary care (first point of contact with health care system)
Secondary care (provision of specialized medical service)
Tertiary care (specialized technical care for complicated health problems)

Not to be confused with disease prevention levels

32
Q

level of care: level 4: Rehabilitation

A

Improving the health and quality of life of those facing life-altering conditions
Required after physical/mental illness, injury, or addiction
Services include
Physiotherapy
Occupational therapy
Respiratory therapy
Social services

33
Q

level of care: level 5: supportive care

A

For clients with chronic illness, progressive illness, or disability
Long-term care and assisted-living facilities, adult day care centres, home care
Also includes respite care and palliative care

34
Q

Challenges to the health care sysem

A

Sustainability
Political Economy of Health
Climate Change
Primary Health Care vs. Primary Care Spending
Responsive Health Care Planning and Delivery
Human Health Care Resources
Aging Canadian Population
Truth & Reconciliation Commission Calls to Action
Geographical Distribution of Services

35
Q

Pressures for healthcare reform

A

Recentralization
Indigenous self governance of health
Emerging medical technology
Growing health Human Resource crisis
Pharmaceutical & home care pressures
Privatization of services
Equality (universality) and access
Interdisciplinary approaches
Privacy Legislation
Consumer involvement
Evidence informed practice
Quality of care/patient safety

36
Q

the study of supply and demand of resources and their
effect on the allocation of healthcare resources in
an economic system

A

health care economics concept

37
Q

health care economics is influenced by

A

Markets
Price and Cost
Supply and Demand
Efficiency and Equity

38
Q

Health care spending

A

Total health care spending in Canada was expected to reach $344 billion in 2023:
71% was public spending, 29% private (out of pocket, insurance, other)
Hospitals 25.6% ($2240 per person)
Physicians 13.8% ($1207 per person)
Drug Spending 13.9% ($1217$ per person)

39
Q

countries spending the most on healthcare

A

canada

40
Q

Most expensive in the world
No universal health insurance coverage
Fails to achieve better health outcomes
Inequitable system

A

United States healthcare system

41
Q

Facts about the states health care system

A

Private system- >75%; Public system <25%
Most people have private insurance….60% from employer
Medicare- for elderly (age >65) and low income
Affordable Care Act….a.k.a. Obamacare
Very expensive system

42
Q

Vision for health accord NL

A
  1. Increase awareness of and interventions in the social factors that
    influence health (social determinants of health)
  2. Balance community-based (primary health care, elder care, social care)
    and hospital-based services

Public engagement is a priority in shaping the agenda
Six strategies are intended to implement that agenda

43
Q

Compared to Canada:

A
  • people in NL have shorter lives
  • people in NL are more likely to die from
    cancer, heart disease and stroke
  • more seniors in NL live with chronic disease

Worst life expectancy,
highest death
rates for cancer, cardiac disease and
stroke, and highest rate of chronic disease
in Canada

44
Q

Since 1981:
* the amount of money that NL has put into
social spending has not really changed
* the amount of money that NL has put into
health care spending has gone up 232%

A

Since 1981, only
6% increase in
social spending
but 232%
increase in
health spending

45
Q

Worst health system performance across all Canadian provinces

A
  • NL has the worst health system performance
    in Canada
  • Canada has among the worst health
    performance in peer countries
46
Q

NL spends more per person on health care than
any other province in Canada

A

Highest per capita spending on health care in canada

NL provides the worst value for spending in health care

NL spends more per person on health care
than any other province in Canada
* Newfoundlanders and Labradorians are the
unhealthiest people in Canada
* The money we are spending is not working
for us as well as it should

47
Q

Demography of the population changed to a low proportion of children, a high proportion of seniors and departure from rural areas

A

50 years ago (1971) we had nearly 200,000 children and
32,000 people over the age of 65

Now (2020) we have only 70,000 children and 118,000
people over the age of 65

In 20 years, it is projected that this demographic
change towards less children and more seniors
will continue (2040)

48
Q

50-year-old
institution-
based system
with an
imbalance
between
community-
based services
and hospital
services

A

Community care includes primary care,
elder care, social care, public health

49
Q

Objective:
Use evidence, strategies and public engagement
to create a 10-Year Health Accord that will improve health
in Newfoundland and Labrador

A

phase 1: create a plan (y1)
phase 2: implementing the plan (y2-5)
phase 3 evaluate impact of plan (y5-10)

NURS 1003 (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions