Class 1: Introduction Flashcards
What is stuttering?
- abnormally high freq and/or duration of stoppages in the flow of speech
What is stuttering the disorder of?
the neuromotor control of speech
What % of words to stutterers stutter on when speaking and reading?
10%
On average, how long does a stutter last?
1 second
What are some important factors in the causes of stuttering?
- genetic and congenital influences
- developmental influences
- environmental influences
What might stuttering start as?
- gradual increase in normal childhood disfluencies
OR
- sudden appearance of severe blocks
Onset often occurs between what ages?
2-3.5 years
What is the prevalence of stuttering?
- 2.4% in K
- 1% in school age
- slightly less than 1% in adults
What is the incidence of stuttering?
- 5% have/will stutter at some point in their lives
What % of people will recover without treatment?
70-80% of children
What are some attributes that don’t allow someone to recover?
- family history
- male
- onset after 3.5years
- persisting beyond one year after onset
- multiple unit repetitions
- prolongations and blocks
below normal phonological skills
What is the sex ratio for the onset of stuttering? What is it by school-age?
Onset = 1:1 School = 3:1
What are some things that may reduce/eliminate stuttering?
- When alone, when relaxed.
- To an animal or a baby.
- In unison with another.
- With a rhythm, when singing.
- While writing, when swearing.
- In a slow, prolonged manner.
- Under masking or with DAF.
- When reinforced for fluent speech.
What are the 5 developmental levels of stuttering?
Normal Borderline (1.5-3.5) Beginning (3.5-6) Intermediate (6-13) Advance (14+)
What are the 8 different types of disfuency?
- part-word repetition
- single-syllable word repetition
- multi-syllabic word repetition
- phrase repetition
- interjections
- revision-incomplete phrase
- Prolongations
- intense pause (block)
