CLASS 1

Question 1

What is the definition of Dysarthria according to Duffy (2013)?

(doesn’t have to be a direct quote)

Answer 1

• A GROUP OF NEUROLOGIC SPEECH DISORDERS

- ABNORMALITIES IN STRENGTH, SPEED, RANGE, STEADINESS, TONE OR ACCURACY OF MOVEMENTS IN SPEECH PRODUCTION

Question 2

What elements of speech does dysarthria affect?

Answer 2

• Phonation
• Resonance
• Articulation
• Prosody

Question 3

What are some examples of conditions which cause dysarthria?

Answer 3

• CP
• Stroke (25%)
• TBI (33%)
• Parkinsons (90%)
• MS (50%)
• MND
• Infection
• Huntington’s disease
• Wilson’s disease

… and more

Question 4

If a patient has muscle spasticity, would they have an Upper or Lower motor neuron lesion/injury?

Answer 4

Upper Motor Neuron

• because it tells muscles when to STOP contracting.

Question 5

What might be the first step in screening/assessment of dysarthria?

Answer 5

An oromotor exam

Question 6

what are the 6 types of dysarthria?

Answer 6

• Spastic
• Flaccid
• Ataxic
• Hypokinetic
• Hyperkinetic
• Mixed

Question 7

What condition might someone with an Ataxic dysarthria have? What features might this have?

Answer 7

They could have Friedrich’s Ataxia.

They might experience inco-ordination

Question 8

What type of dysarthria might someone with Myesthenia Gravis have? What features would this include?

Answer 8

They may have a Flaccid Dysarthria- located from the lower motor neuron- meaning they would experience muscle weakness.
May experience reduced speed, range and accuracy of speech movements.

Question 9

If someone has an upper motor neuron lesion caused by a TBI, what type of dysarthria would they be likely to have? What other condition might cause a similar effect?

Answer 9

They could have spastic dysarthria resulting in muscle spasticity.

Someone with Cerebral Palsy might experience similar symptoms.

Question 10

What condition often has hypo-kinetic dysarthria? what symptom would they have?

Answer 10

Parkinsons Disease.

Muscle Rigidity.

Question 11

Someone with Motor Neuron’s Disease or Multiple Sclerosis is likely to have what type of dysarthria?

Answer 11

Mixed Dysarthria.

Question 12

What type of dysarthria is typical for someone with Huntington’s Disease? What symptoms would this involve?

Answer 12

Hyper-kinetic dysarthria.

Involuntary Movements.

Question 13

Whats the difference between hypotonia and atrophy?

Answer 13

Hypotonia is reduced muscle resistence and reflexes. (muscle floppiness)
Atrophy is loss of muscle bulk.

Question 14

What are muscle fasciculations?

Answer 14

Twitches in resting muscle.

Question 15

What are some speech characteristics of flaccid dysarthria’s?

Answer 15

• Nasal emission
• Using short phrases
• Hypo-nasality
• Audible inspiration
• Continuous breathiness
• mono pitch/loudness
• Harsh vocal quality