Class 1

Question 1

Horace Well and William Morton

Answer 1

Dentist who used anesthesia

Question 2

Crawford Long 1842

Answer 2

Used Ether to remove a cyst but didn’t report the finding. One of the first ppl to use anesthesia.

Question 3

Morton 1846

Answer 3

Massachusetts general hospital
Did surgery 1846 with ether In the ether dome..

He tried to patent ether..

Ether was difficult when pt went under they fought.. so they remember

Question 4

Chloroform

Answer 4

rapid induction no ether frolic

After 3 deaths they stopped using it.

Question 5

Megdison surgeon

Greener unfortunate pt

Answer 5

Pt took breaths and died really quickly!!

Question 6

Problem with anesthesia

Answer 6

Infections
Occasional anesthetist - ppl didn’t know how to use it. Physicians didn’t want to do it. So they used interns to give ether. Interns wouldn’t pay attention to pt and pts. would die.

Question 7

Harvey Cushing

Answer 7

Father of neurosurgery

When he was a student he gave anesthesia and the pt died. He was told not to worry about it. He never forgot to!!

Question 8

Catherine Lawrence

Answer 8

A nurse in the service provided anesthesia for the wounded during civil war. She wrote a book. She felt it was important job and nurses were stepping up to do it.

Question 9

Sister Mary Bernard

Answer 9

Sisters Of St. Joseph
1877 St Vincent’s Hospital in Erie, PA

1878 took over anesthesia duties of the hospital

Question 10

Sister Mary Erhard

Answer 10

Maui Hawaii 1886

Administered anesthesia for 42 years

Question 11

Sister St. Francis

Answer 11

Rochester Minnesota
1889 St. Mary’s Hospital Mayo Clinic
Trained Alice Magaw “The Mother of Anesthesia” trained really hard. Was a standout

Question 12

Agatha Higgins

Answer 12

Lakeside Hospital late became Cleveland clinic

1908 personal anesthetist of Dr George Crile

She founded the American Association of Nurse Anesthetist

Question 13

Alice Magaw

Answer 13

Established anesthesiology service at Mayo Clinic

Taught practitioners all over the world.

Published several different papers but physician presented them because women weren’t allowed.

Reported 14000 cases with on complications

Question 14

Eva McNinch

Answer 14

PA hospital hired her as an anesthetist

Salaried and on call for the hospital

Question 15

Alice Weinberg

Answer 15

Jewish Hospital Philadelphia 1915

Their first anesthetist

Chosen by Dr. William Teller because of her Pugnacity”

Question 16

Agatha Hodgins

Answer 16

Introduce gas anesthesia nitrous oxide gas mix

Served with Dr. Crile In World War 1 France

I’m 1915 Set up the first organized school of nurse anesthesia In Cleveland at Lakeside Hospital

Physicians stated challenging nurses giving anesthesia without a physician
1st AANA PRESIDENT standardized education

Question 17

Sophie Gran Winton

Answer 17

Awarded medals for heroism she was a civilian nor an office during ww1

Trained in Minneapolis

Question 18

Alice Hunt

Answer 18

Appointed to Yale Medical School 1922

Wrote Anesthesia principles and practice 1946 first nurse Anesthetist to publish a book

She taught at the medical school

Question 19

Helen Lamb

Answer 19

Performed the first successful pneumonectomy anesthetic in 1929

Dr. Graham got credit for it.

Established a school at Barnes Hospital in St. Louis.

Collaborated with Dr Richard Von fOregger for 20 years on an anesthesia machine..

Question 20

1945

Answer 20

2 applications were approved for African American nurse anesthetist

Question 21

Gertrude Fife

Called for protection of the community’s interest

Answer 21

2nd AANA president

Called for approval mechanism for schools

Wanted the school to only admit well trained nurses

Organize the profession to protect against outside threats

Wanted certification for grads!

Question 22

COA

Answer 22

Council on Accreditation

Standards guidelines and criteria for programs accredits educational programs and helps Anesthesia schools improve

Question 23

CCNA

Answer 23

Council on Certification of Nurse Anesthetist

Protecting and serving the public by assuring that practicing CRNA’s have met qualifications or standards for providing anesthesia services..

Question 24

PIA

Answer 24

Council on Public Interest no longer exist.

Question 25

Phyllis Robert

Answer 25

Student of Gertrude FIfe Sole anesthesia provider for many rural history Education director of VA hospital school of anesthesia Wrote text on Regional anesthesia

Question 26

TEFRA

Answer 26

Tax Equity and Fiscal Responsibility Act of 1982 TEFRA 7 conditions an anesthesiologist must satisfy with regard to a procedure for medical direction is CRNA’s to her Medicare reimbursement

Question 27

TEFRA

Answer 27

1. Perform preanesthesia eval 2. Prescribe the anesthesia plan 3. Personally participate in induction and emergence 4. Monitor course is anesthesia at frequent intervals 5. Be physically available for diagnosis and tx in emergencies 6. Provide post anesthesia care 7. Refrain from personally performing an anesthesia procedure when engaged in medical direction..up to 4 CRNA’s

Question 28

AANA standards of practice for Nurse Anesthetist

Answer 28

Standards that describe the rules and responsibilities anesthetist are held accountable. What is expected 8 or 9 standards

Question 29

AANA Vision Statement

Answer 29

Preeminent professional association. For healthcare and patient safety

Question 30

AANA mission Statement

Answer 30

Advancing patient safety practice excellence and its members profession

Question 31

AANA Core Values

Answer 31

``` Quality Professionalism Compassion Collaboration Wellness Diversity ```

Question 32

AANA Motto

Answer 32

Safe and effective anesthesia care.

Question 33

NBCRNA

Answer 33

Boards and recertification very 8 years we retest

Question 34

Legislative Branch

Answer 34

Medicare part A TEFRA Medicare part B The Joint Commission National Practitioner Data Bank

Question 35

Executive Branch

Answer 35

Federal Department of Health and Human Services Department of education Department of Justice State State board of Nursing

Question 36

Criminal Law

Answer 36

To protect society from harm Fraudulent filing of insurance and Medicare claims Practice without license Employ someone without license Misuse is controlled substance

Question 37

Civil Law

Answer 37

Private rights and remedies Area of most concern for CRNAs Malpractice- torts Intentional torts- assault, battery, false imprisonment Unintentional tort - malpractice negligence Something bad happened

Question 38

Tort Law Non criminal cases

Answer 38

Plaintiff Defendant Action

Question 39

Tort Law Criminal case

Answer 39

Prosecutor | Defendant

Question 40

Goal is Tort Law

Answer 40

To restore the party who has suffered a damage to a condition that existed before the damage. For the plaintiff to be made whole. -there has to be proof of damage

Question 41

Negligence

Answer 41

1. Duty a legal responsibility to provide service and to receive payment 2.Breach of duty- they have to prove —————-commission do something wrong —————Omission not do something you were suppose to do. 3. Cause—would damage have occurred if there was no breach of duty? Has to show a relationship 4. Damage- prove damage

Question 42

Burden of Proof

Answer 42

Criminal beyond a reasonable doubt Civil clear and convincing evidence More likely than not preponderance is evidence

Question 43

Res Ipsa Loquitur

Answer 43

Defendant has to prove or wasn’t them. Obvious negligence occurred or else it wouldn’t have happened. Foot drop The act speaks for itself Circumstantial evidence is allowable in this! 1. Doesn’t usually happen 2. Has to be under the control of the defendant 3. Can’t be no fault of the pt.

Question 44

Assumption of Risks

Answer 44

Can’t be held accountable for things that we explained were a possibility of the procedure.

Question 45

Defenses to protect yourself

Answer 45

1. Do no harm 2. Communicate with pt and family 3. Informed consent 4. Accurate documentation 5. Contributory negligence plaintiff contributed to issue 6. Comparative negligence- shared fault each pays their percent 7. Statue ofLimitations— 2 years unless you try to alter evidence then it can be extended..

Question 46

Liability Insurance

Answer 46

Occurrence policy- more preferred policy Anything that occurs while you have that policy is covered. In that time period. Claims made policy is only enforced while you have the policy.. Tail coverage/ extended reporting period endorsement can be added if a claims made policy has ended and someone sues you after it the policy ended.

Question 47

Captain of the ship

Answer 47

Once surgeon assumes responsibility they are accepting responsibility for everyone. Not follows anymore

Question 48

Borrowed Servant

Answer 48

Doctor is responsible for anyone they direct ie. nurse Not followed anymore

Question 49

Respondents Superior

Answer 49

Master is responsible for servants actions Not practices anymore

Question 50

Vicarious Liability

Answer 50

Anesthesiologist is vicariously responsible for what we do even if they aren’t in the room..