Class 1 Flashcards
Data that is not restricted to defined separate values, ie fractions and decimals
Continuous data
Data that can only have particular values and cannot be broken down
Discrete data
Level of measurement that includes categorically discrete data
Nominal
Level of measurement that refers to quantities that have a natural ordering, you cannot tell the difference between categories. Between their rank alone
Ordinal
Level of measurement in which the distance between numbers does have a meaning, often ,ensuring frequency, intensity and duration
Interval
A measure of interval data with a natural zero point, time, weight, money etc
Ratio data
Understanding how things happen by watching them, creating a category and monitoring interactions
Observational design
A statement of the procedures or ways In which a researcher is going to measure behaviour and/or psychological processes or constructs
Operational definition
To see the extent to which we can infer the results to the greater population
Inferential statistics
Describes characteristics of the sample
Descriptive statistics
Everyone in the population of interest has an equal likelyhood of selection
Random sampling
A non-representative subset of some larger population and is gathered to serve a very specific purpose
Purposive sampling
A subset of purposive sampling where the sample is picked along the way
Snowball sampling
A sampling procedure where the population is divided into important categories then Randomly sampled from each category
Stratified sampling
A specific distribution having a characteristic bell shaped form, brontosaurus
Normal distribution
When a distribution leans in a particular direction
Skewness
When a distribution curves to the right
Positive skew
When a distribution curves to the left
Negative skew
Refers to the peakedness or flatness of a distribution
Kurtosis
An excess skew of 0
Mesokurtic
Curve with a flattened peak like a platypus
Platykurtic
Curve with a tall peak like two leaping kangaroos
Leptokurtic
The arithmetic average of a set of numbers
Mean
This number is the one that is the midpoint of the distribution
Median
This number is the single most frequent number I’m a distribution
Mode
How spread out the scores are in a distribution, the amount of spread around the mean
Variability
Square root of the variance, a measure of how spread the numbers are around the mean
Standard deviation
The sum of the squares deviations from the mean, divided by N
Variance
The sum of the squared deviations
Sum of squares
The sample people in a sample are tested for difference
Within subjects variance
The variance between two or more samples
Between subjects variance
Same as correlation, a statistic representing the degree to which two variable vary together
Covariance
An error caused by the person conducting the experiment
Experimenter error
An error caused by discrimination in the experimenter, subject, sample or Study
Bias
Error caused by incorrect retrieval of memories, information is remembered in a way that is actually different from what actually happened
Memory distortions
Errors of omission or commission
Lying
A type of response bias that is a tendency to answer a question in a manner where they will be favourably viewed by others
Social desireability
Something that impairs a persons ability to understand or perceive a question or circumstance
Lack of Insite/inability to articulate
The phenomenon that arises if a sample point of a random variable is extreme, a future point will then be closer to the mean or average
Regression to the mean
