Class #1

Question 1

What is the positivist (positivism) paradigm?

Answer 1

Seek generalization

Question 2

What is a paradigm?

Answer 2

World view/perspective on the complexity of the real world.

Question 3

Postpositivists paradigm?

Answer 3

Impossible to be completely objective, seek probabilistic evidence.

Question 4

Constructivist paradigm?

Answer 4

SEEK IN-DEPTH UNDERSTANDING of the human experience. Not a fixed reality, construction of people in it

Question 5

What is a PICOT question?

Answer 5

Population
Intervention
Comparison (not always present)
Outcome
Time (not always present)

Question 6

Which is associated with qual and quant? Deduction and induction?

Answer 6

Deduction = quant.
Induction = qual.

Question 7

What is the independent variable?

Answer 7

The intervention (plus the comparisson)

Question 8

What is the dependent variable?

Answer 8

The outcome

Question 9

3 traditions in Nursing qualitative research explain them:
1. Grounded theory
2. Phenomenology
3. Ethnography

Answer 9

1. research seeks to describe and understand key social psychological processes.
2. Lived experience of humans, what people life experience are like
3. (primary research tradition of anthropology) studying patterns/lifeways of cultural group

Question 10

What are the 7 step of Evidence-Based Practice

Answer 10

0. Cultivating curiosity
1. Ask PICOT
2. Search the evidence
3. Critically appraise the evidence
4. Integrate the evidence with clinical expertise
5. Evaluate the outcome of the practice
6. Disseminate the results

Question 11

Describe the different types of PICO questions and the best research types:
1. therapy//intervention
2. Dx/assessment
3. Prognosis question
4. Etiology
5. Description
6. Meaning question
7. Prevention

Answer 11

1.Provide direct evidence. Eg nebulizer vs pump for asthma attack in children? RCT, systematic reviews, prospective studies
2. 2 types: differential and Dx tests.
Eg is supine more accurate than sitting BP measurement? (Best study design: Quantitative: Comparison to Gold Standard studies and Diagnostic validation studies)
3. How likely is it the pt will develop a disease. How does the disease progress over time? (Quantitative: Systematic reviews of observational studies and Observational studies (cohort/case control )
4. What are the potential harm of untreated urinary tract infection? (Quantitative = Systematic reviews of observational studies and observational studies )cohort/case control))
5. What is the incidence of…
6. What does it mean to have breast cancer in this age group
7. E.G. Is cranberry juice effective for urinary tract infection prevention in women? (quantitative study design best answer these questions: RCT’S, Systematic review of RCT’s, prospective studies.)