CLASP cancer week formative questions Flashcards
A chest x-ray shows multiple ill-defined round opacities throughout both lung fields. This is most likely to represent A. Metastatic renal cell carcinoma B. Pulmonary squamous cell carcinoma C. Pulmonary adenocarcinoma D. Metastatic colorectal cancer E. Bronchopneumonia
A. Metastatic renal cell carcinoma
In the context of malignancy the tumour stage refers to
A. Whether the lesion is metaplastic, dysplastic or neoplastic
B. Whether the tumour is seen pre, during or post treatment
C. How far the tumour has spread
D. How many mutations the tumour has developed
E. How significantly altered the individual cells appear
C. How far the tumour has spread
A chest radiograph undertaken on a 78 year old female smoker reveals a 4cm mass projected over the left upper zone. On further questioning she reports a cough for many months, several episodes on haemoptysis and weight loss of at least 1 stone over the past month. What would be the best way to investigate further?
A. Unenhanced High Resolution CT Chest
B. Perform an additional lateral radiograph
C. Treat with anti-biotics and perform another chest radiograph in 6-8 weeks
D. PET-CT scan
E. Contrast enhanced CT chest and abdomen
E. Contrast enhanced CT chest and abdomen
Which of the following is a risk factor for colorectal cancer? A. Primary biliary cirrhosis B. Microscopic colitis C. Inflammatory bowel disease D. Irritable bowel syndrome E. Diverticular disease
C. Inflammatory bowel disease
What type of mutation is most likely to directly activate an oncogene? A. Synonymous mutation B. A nonsense (premature stop) mutation C. An amino acid change (missense) D. A splice sight mutation E. A 1 base pair deletion in an exon
C. An amino acid change (missense)
Which of the following is not a common side effect of chemotherapy? A. Diarrhoea B. Altered taste C. Confusion D. Alopecia E. Neutropenic fever
C. Confusion
A well circumscribed tumour protruding into the bronchus with a yellow cut surface is most likely to be a A. Squamous cell carcinoma B. Leiomyoma C. Lipoma D. Adenocarcinoma E. Carcinoid tumour
E. Carcinoid tumour
Which of these tumours is most strongly associated with smoking? A. Oesophageal adenocarcinoma B. Colorectal cancer C. Pulmonary adenocarcinoma D. Pulmonary small cell carcinoma E. Gastric adenocarcinoma
D. Pulmonary small cell carcinoma
The following is a risk for oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma A. Intestinal metaplasia B. Hiatus hernia C. Barrett's oesophagus D. Plummer Vinson syndrome E. Kartagener's syndrome
D. Plummer Vinson syndrome
Which of these neoplasms has metastatic potential?
A. A T1 colorectal adenocarcinoma
B. Squamous metaplasia of the bronchus
C. Pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid
D. High grade tubulo-villous adenoma of the caecum
E. Squamous carcinoma in-situ
A. A T1 colorectal adenocarcinoma
Examination of a family’s genome reveals a substitution of A to G in exon 11 of the KIT gene. The family have no history of cancer. This is likely to be because
A. They haven’t lived long enough to develop malignancy
B. They still have one normal copy of the gene
C. The mutation shows incomplete penetrance
D. This may represent a polymorphism
E. They require more than one genetic abnormality for cancer to develop
E. They require more than one genetic abnormality for cancer to develop
In relation to prostate cancer, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is widely used in which of the following? A. Diagnosis B. Monitoring and screening C. Screening D. Diagnosis and monitoring E. Monitoring
D. Diagnosis and monitoring
The drug Herceptin targets A. Epidermal growth factor receptor B. Platelet derived growth factor receptor A C. Vascular endothelial growth factor D. Tissue growth factor beta E. Programmed death ligand - 1
A. Epidermal growth factor receptor
Which of these patients should be referred for investigation of an inherited cancer syndrome?
A. An 82 year old with a history of high grade dysplasia in a colonic polyp in their 50s who now has a rectal adenocarcinoma
B. A 62 year old with lung cancer and two previous oral cancers
C. 38 year old female with a ceacal adenocarcinoma and 6 other right-sided polypoid lesions
D. 38 year old with Barret’s oesophagus
E. A 29 year old with a pulmonary inflammatory pseudotumour
C. 38 year old female with a ceacal adenocarcinoma and 6 other right-sided polyploid lesions
Children are most likely to suffer from malignancy of
A. Brain cells, mesenchymal cells and epithelium
B. Blood cells, brain cells and mesenchymal cells
C. Mesenchymal cells and epithelium
D. Melanocytes and epithelium
E. Blood, brain cells and epithelium
B. Blood cells, brain cells and mesenchymal cells
