clase 07 Flashcards

1
Q

Segundo principio

A

En toda evolución de un sistema AISLADO hacia el equilibrio la entropia del sistema crece y alcanza su máximo valor cuando llega al equilibrio

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2
Q

ds(U, V, ni)

A

dS (U,V,ni)= ds/du du + ds/dv dv +sum ds/dni dni

=1/T du + p/t dv + sum dS/dni dni

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3
Q

dS en evolucion reversible

A

Una evolucion reversible significa infinitos estados de equilibrio, por lo tanto se considera que siempre se encuentra en equilibrio entonces dS=0

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4
Q

como se define la entropia

A

du/ds) v, ni =T y dU/dV= - P

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5
Q

Ds/dU) v,ni

A

=1/(dU/dS)=1/T

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6
Q

ds/dV)U,ni

A

= P/T. Proveniente de du/dv y regla de la cadena

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7
Q

Entropia

A

Define la posibilidad de que suceda o no una evolucion espontanea de un sistema aislado ( U y V constantes)
Define la condicion de quilobrio del sistema aislado

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8
Q

Como verificar maximo de entropia

A

d^2 S<0

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9
Q

Tercer principio

A

A t= 0 K la entropia de un sistema aislado es constante y nula

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10
Q

Ds(t, v)

A

= cv/T dT + 1/T (du/dv + P )dV

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11
Q

Ds(t,p)

A

=cp/t dt+ 1/T (dH/dp -V) dP

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12
Q

Para un gas ideal, la entropia cambia con la variacion de volumen o presion?

A

Si ya que sus derivadas prcialrs no son 0

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13
Q

Energia libre de gibbs

A

G= H- T S

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14
Q

Que define el estado d euna sustancia a determinada p y t

A

A determinada p y t la sustancia se encontrara en el estado rn el que poseea menor energia libre de gibbs

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15
Q

dG( T P ni)

A

= dg/dt dt + dg/dp dp+ sum dg/dni dni= -S dT + V dP + sum dg/dni dni

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16
Q

D(g/t)

A

=-H/T^2 + V/T dP