CLAS 1100 Exam 2 Flashcards
Adonia
The ritual commemorating Aphrodite’s laughter and sorrows
Only celebrated by women
Adonis
The mortal boy that Aphrodite is attracted to
Spends part of his year with Persephone and part with Aphrodite
Aeneas
Son of Aphrodite and Anchises; founder of Rome
Anchises
Mortal seduced by Aphrodite
Father of Aeneas
Ares
Aphrodite’s lover
Son of Zeus and Hera, sister of Eris
Father of Deimus, Phobus, and Harmonia
Represents pure aggression in war and was despised by gods and mortals alike
Cyprus
The island where Aphrodite walks onto after she is created from the foam of Uranus’s genitals in the sea
Eros
The most important of he Erotes, generally considered a god
Sometimes described as Aphrodite’s son
Erotes
The collective divine winged beings
Himerus
One of the Erotes; Desire
Pandemus
Aphrodite’s cult title: Of All the People
Peitho
Sometimes considered Aphrodite’s daughter
“Persuasion”
Philommedes
What Hesiod calls Aphrodite; translated into “genital-loving”
Pothus
One of the Erotes; Longing
Pygmalion
A sculptor who turned away from women due to disgust at the practice of temple prostitution at the town’s worship of Aphrodite. He creates a statue that he falls in love with and Aphrodite turns her into a human named Galatea
Acropolis
Ancient citadel outside of Athens
Areopagus
A rocky situation near the Acropolis where Athena establishes a court for trying homicide
Athena Polias
“City Protector”
Most ancient and holy cult statue of Athena, an olive log believed to have fallen from the sky
Autochthonous
“Born from the earth”
Erichthonius
Athena resists Poseidon and he ejaculates on her leg. She wipes it up with wool and throws it onto the earth, creating the boy
Furies
Female spirits of revenge who attack those who have spilled kindred blood
Metis
The wisest goddess that Zeus swallows out of fear of her giving birth to a son who would overthrow him
Oresteia
A trilogy including Eumenides
Orestes
Son of Agamemnon and Clytemnestra, who plots to kill Clytemnestra to avenge his father
Panathenaea
A festival that celebrated the governance of Athens by Athena
Said to be a celebration of Athena’s birthday/her role in the victory of gods over giants
Parthenon
The temple of the Acropolis of Athens
Peplos
Ritual garment worn and weaved by Greek women
Anthesteria
Flower festival that honored Dionysus and Hermes
Signaled the opening of the Underworld
Caduceus
Hermes’s wand- a staff with two snakes wrapped around it
Cyllene
A mountainous region believed to be Hermes’s birthplace
Herm
Replaced Hermes’s Hill
Included head and erect phallus
Emphasizes Hermes’s connection to fertility of flocks and role as protector
Hermaion
“A lucky catch”
Hermes’s Hill
Pile of rocks typically found on the side of the road, eventually become Herms
Mutilation of the Herms
Athens, 415 BCE
Phalluses hacked off of all the herms in the city when the Athenian fleet was set to depart for a controversial military campaign
Perpetrators were put on trial for sacrilege
Pan
Hermes’s son
Part man, part goat, ithyphallic
Actaeon
Hunter who sees Artemis and her nymphs bathing in the woods
She turns him into a stag and he is killed by his own hunting dogs
Artemis Orthia
Located outside of Sparta
Boys initiations; often bathed in blood and whipped
Asclepius
Son of Apollo, known for healing the sick
Brauronia
A ritual for Artemis
“playing the bear”
Callisto
A female follower of Artemis who gets impregnated by Zeus and is turned into a bear by Hera. Their son doesn’t recognize her while hunting and when he goes to kill her, they both turn into a constellation
Cassandra
The Pythias’ mythical double
Condemned to knowing prophecies but not being believed
Cartharsius
Cult title of Apollo
“Purifier”
Daphne
Transformed into a laurel tree after refusing Apollo’s advances
Delos
Island where Leto delivers her children
Delphi
Oracle in Greece
Apollo provided “Zeus’s counsel” to men at these oracles
Hippolytus
One of Artemis’s adolescent male worshippers who wanted to stay a virgin hunter forever. Aphrodite makes his stepmother Phaedra fall in love with him (out of spite) and when she admits her love to him, she claims he raped her. His father, Theseus, kills him out of rage.
Hyacinthia
Three day festival that involved a form of ritualized loss
Iphigenia
Temple dedicated to her was at Brauron. She was supposed to be sacrificed by her father, Agamemnon when Artemis transformed her into a deer and saved her
Orion
Hunter who attempts to rape Artemis who she then kills directly with her arrows, transforming him into a constellation
Pythias
Apollo’s priestess at Delphi
