CLA Flashcards
What is the nativist’s theory?
Chomsky
-humans have a built-in capacity to acquire language
-children deprived of social contact can’t achieve communicative competence
-Language Acquistion Device where children are born with an innate ability to learn language
-universal grammar- all languages share balsamic structural principles which all children understand
What is behaviourists theory?
BF Skinner
-children copy adults and are rewarded or corrected
-language is learned through imitation, reinforcement and conditioning
What is social interactionists theory?
Vygotsky and Bruner
-scaffolding - caregivers provide linguistic support to help children progress
-Bruner’s language acquisition support system where caregivers structure language to help acquisition
CDS - child directed speech
What is Cognitive theory
Piaget
Language development is linked to cognitive development
sensorimotor stage (0-2) object permanence
pre-operational stage (2-7)developing symbolic thought through language
What are Hallidays seven functions?
Instrumental- expressing need
Regulatory- controlling others behaviour
Interactional- building relationships
Personal - expressing opinions
Heuristic-learning about the environment
Imaginative - creative, ‘let’s pretend’
Representational- giving information
What is Bermondsey Gleason’s wug test?
two animals were drawn and children were asked what they were, they said wugs, showing that they can apply plurals effectively
What is under generalisation?
singular to plural, apple for fruit
What is over generalisation?
Plural to singular, fruit to apple
Virtuous errors
logical mistakes showing children are applying learned rules
Substitution
replacing difficult sounds
deletion
omitting sounds
Reduplication
repeating syllables
Critical period
Lenneberg, age 0-12 is the perfect time for children to learn language, after this it becomes difficult
What are the four stages of cla?
6-9 babbling
12-18 holophrastic
18-24 two word
24-36 telegraphic
36+post telegraphic
What are Aitchison’s stages?
-labelling- sounds to objects-
-packaging- understanding range of words and meanings
-network building- understanding relationship between the words
What are Bellugi’s three stages of formation of negative?
-no at the beginning of sentence
-no in the middle of sentence
-correct formation
What is included in CDS?
High pitch, exaggerated intonation, repetition, simplified vocab, clear pauses
