CJ3 Chapter 2

Question 1

The scientific study of crime and the cause of criminal behavior

Answer 1

Criminology

Question 2

Relationship between 2 measurements of behaviors that tend to move in the same direction

Answer 2

correlation

Question 3

One variable is responsible for change in another

Answer 3

Causation

Question 4

Explanation of a happening based on observation, experimentation, and reasoning

Answer 4

Theory

Question 5

Explanation for an observed occurrence that can be tested to determine if it is valid.

Answer 5

Hypothesis

Question 6

Wrongdoers act as if they weigh the benefits of criminal activity against the expected cost of being caught

Answer 6

Rational Choice Theory

Question 7

Deviant behavior is more likely in communities where social institutions (fams, schools, CJS) fail to exert control over the population.

Answer 7

Social Disorganized Theory

Question 8

Then study of development of groups of people who live together in a society

Answer 8

Sociology

Question 9

Crime is the result of frustration of those who cannot reach financial goals legitly.

Answer 9

Strain Theory

Question 10

Individual feels a disconnect from society due to breakdown and absence of social norms

Answer 10

Anomie

Question 11

Criminal behavior is the result of class conflict

Answer 11

Social Conflict Theories

Question 12

Criminal behavior is the predictable result of a person interactions with his or her social environment

Answer 12

Social Process Theories

Question 13

Criminals must be taught practical and emotional skills needed to be in illegal activity

Answer 13

Learning theory

Question 14

Presented by Travis Hirschi, although we have potential to commit crimes, most don’t because we care how we are perceived by family, friends, peers

Answer 14

Control Theory

Question 15

Behavior patterns developed in childhood can predict criminal behavior later in life

Answer 15

Life Course Criminology

Question 16

Criminal behavior is linked to poor impulse control (A personality trait reached by age 10 due to poor parenting)

Answer 16

Self Control Theory

Question 17

Any substance that modifies biological, psychological or social behavior

Answer 17

Drug

Question 18

A chemical that affects the brain causing changes in emotions, perceptions, and behavior

Answer 18

Psychoactive Drugs

Question 19

Use of any drug that causes either psychological or bodily harm to the abuser or 3rd parties

Answer 19

Drug Abuse

Question 20

An approach to drug addiction that treats drug abuse as mental illness and focuses on treatment rather than punishment

Answer 20

Medical Model of Addiction

Question 21

An approach to drug abuse that holds that drug offenders harm society by their actions and should be punished

Answer 21

Criminal Model of addictions

Question 22

An annual report complied by the FBI to give criminal activity in the U.S

Answer 22

Uniform Crime Reports

Question 23

Part of the UCR that include offenses of murder, rape, robbery, aggravated assault, burglary, larceny, and auto theft

Answer 23

Part I Offenses

Question 24

All crimes recorded by the FBI that don’t fall into Part I Offenses. These crimes include both misdemeanors and felonies

Answer 24

Part II Offenses

Question 25

Starting in 1966, a method of gathering crime date that directly surveys participants to determine their experiences as victims of crime.

Answer 25

Victim Surveys

Question 26

Actual amount of crime that occurs in the country

Answer 26

Dark Figure Of Crime

Question 27

In 2004, this act gave victims of crimes the right to participate in the system

Answer 27

Crime Victim Rights Act

Question 28

Theory that certain people and places are more likely to be subjected to repeated criminal activity and past victimization is a strong indicator of future victimization

Answer 28

Repeat Victimization