Civil War 1917-21

Question 1

Causes

Answer 1

. Bolsheviks seizure of power in Oct 1917 sparked chaos
. Individual event of Kerentsky’s Petrograd offensive

Question 2

Political Consequences

Answer 2

. Defeat in Polish campaign - defeated by another army that was largely inferior on paper
. General mistrust of Bolsheviks by Western Europe
. More centralised control centred on the Politburo and Orgburo

Question 3

Social Consequences

Answer 3

. About 10 million died
. Population of cities 50% of what was in 1917
. Cheka persecution of peasants

Question 4

Economic Consequences

Answer 4

. Industry fallen 10-20%
War communism = nationalism, state monopoly of markets and grain requisitioning
New Economic Policy = return to private ownership and encourage foreign trade/investment