Civil War Flashcards
Who were the roundheads
The roundheads were those in favour of the parliament.
Name features of the roundheads
They were mainly puritan or protestant and they wore plain simple clothes. They were called roundheads because they cut their hair short.
Who were the cavaliers
The cavaliers were those in favour of the king.
Name features of the cavaliers
They wore fancy clothes, they were mainly catholic or conservative protestant protestant. They were very skilled on horseback.
When did the civil war start
1642
When did the civil war end
1651
Name features of the new model army
It was a professional army in terms of its personell, it didn’t matter what social class you were from, but your fighting skill. They also had soldiers on horseback which gave them speed advantage against royalists
Who led the new model army
Sir Thomas Fairfax
What does the word cavalier come from
Chevalier which means horse in french
Who married king charles
Henrietta Maria
Why did parliament not want Charles to marry his wife
Because she was catholic and they didn’t want her to convince charles to change england catholic
3 reasons that caused the civil war
Economic, religion, political
economic reasons why parliament disagreed with the king
He made a tax support without them, also Charles wanted the Scottish church to use the English prayer book, however they refused and he went to war with them as he didn’t ask them but told the scots to do this, so he asked parliament to raise taxes but they refused unless he gave them more power over the country
Political reasons why parliament disliked the king
Charles entered parliament without asking and arrested 5 leading MP’s. This was against the law as he need to be invited to enter. He also dissolved parliament due to disagreements and not wanting to share power.
Religious reasons why parliament disliked the king
He was arrogant as he believed in divine right, he thought he could marry whoever he wanted but they were worried Henrietta would make england catholic, he made Lauid the Archbishop and they both agreed they would be closer to God if churches were more decorative, which is a catholic belief.
When did charles i become king
1625
Who was king before charles i
James i
What religion was england during Charles i reign
Protestant
Who was Oliver Cromwell
A very influencial member of parliament
How long did charles reign for
Between 1625-1649
Was charles executed
Yes as he lost the war to the parliamentarians
What is divine right
The belief that kings were chosen by God
What is a royalist
Someone who supports the king
What is a parliamenterian
Someone who supports parliament
What is a puritan
A very strict protestant
When was the new model army formed
1645
Who were the ironsides
The ironsides were the cavalry in the parliamentarians side led by oliver cromwell.
What was the new model army
The New Model Army was created in February 1645 by the Parliamentarians during the English Civil Wars (1642-1651). It was a professional army in terms of its personnel, training, and leadership and was formed after heavy defeats to the Royalists earlier in the war.
