Civil War

Question 1

causes of civil war

Answer 1

slavery
secession
state's rights
election 1860
missouri compromise
kansas-nebraska act
fugitive slave act

Question 2

union strategies at start of civil war

Answer 2

anaconda plan: blockade all major southern ports
control mississippi river
build large army to defend D.C. (so england wont support south)

Question 3

Confederate strategies at start of civil war

Answer 3

outlast union (prolong war)
receive foreign support (political recognition from brit)
fight on northern soil
force union to take high casualties

Question 4

Abraham Lincoln

Answer 4

us pres during civil war

early goal strictly preserve union

Question 5

Jefferson Davis

Answer 5

confederate pres

Question 6

Gen. Albert Sidney Johnston

Answer 6

1st csa commander b4 Lee

killed at shiloh - lee takes over from here

Question 7

Gen. P.G.T. Beauregard

Answer 7

cas artillery commander at Ft. Sumter and Bull Run

starts war by ordering 1st shot fired

Question 8

Gen. Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson

Answer 8

csa
Lee’s 2nd in command
gets name at 1st bull run
killed by own men at Chancellorsville

Question 9

Gen. Irvin McDowell

Answer 9

1st union commander

commander at 1st bull run

Question 10

Gen. Robert E. Lee

Answer 10

csa overall commander after Albert - 1862 and on

Question 11

Gen. George McClellan

Answer 11

union gen
was a commander 2x (relieved and then back)
too cautious

Question 12

Gen. James Longstreet

Answer 12

csa
2nd in command after stonewall jackson
tries to dissuade Lee from assault on day 3 of Gettysburg

Question 13

Gen George Meade

Answer 13

Union gen at Gettysburg

wins but is replaced right after

Question 14

Col Robert Gould Shaw

Answer 14

led 54th Massachusetts Infantry

unsuccessful attack on ft wagner

Question 15

Gen. U.S. Grant

Answer 15

union
fought in shiloh (1st major battle)
unconditional surrender
developed strategy to defeat lee
would advance the next day even when stopped by lee

Question 16

Gen William T. Sherman

Answer 16

union
Grant’s 2nd in command
devised total war - Sherman’s March to the Sea

Question 17

Col Joshua Lawrence Chamberlain

Answer 17

union
ordered bayonet charge at Little Round Top during day 2 Gettysburg
saves union on day 2 gettysburg

Question 18

ft sumter significance

Answer 18

start of war - 1st shots fired
csa lay siege/bombardment
union defeat

Question 19

1st Manassas / Bull Run

Answer 19

1st battle
lots of confusion
union defeat

Question 20

Shiloh

Answer 20

1st major battle
people realize war will be long
union victory

Question 21

Sharpsburg/Antietam

Answer 21

Lee’s 1st attempt to invade north
bloodiest battle for us history
McClellan had lee’s battle plans but was still too cautious
tactical draw, union “victory”
used to announce emancipation proclamation

Question 22

Vicksburg

Answer 22

one of turning points of war
union seige
union victory
union control of mississippi complete

Question 23

Chancellorsville

Answer 23

lee's greatest victory (union defeat)
lee split army into 3 - circle and envelop
makes lee think his men are invincible
led him to want to make another invasion
jackson dies here

Question 24

gettysburg

Answer 24

bloodiest battle of civil war
csa attack on both flanks and then center
major union victory
lee's 2nd attempt to invade north
3 days long

Question 25

ft wagner

Answer 25

54th massachusetts inspire black enlistments union defeat 1/2 regiment wiped out

Question 26

hampton roads

Answer 26

1st meeting of ironclads | shootout and draw

Question 27

which 2 battles were the turning point of the civil war in union favor?

Answer 27

Vicksburg and Gettysburg - happened within 1 day of each other

Question 28

Sherman's March to the Sea

Answer 28

total war begins went south w/o supply lines atlanta to savanah to columbia S.C. fight as they go

Question 29

Cold Harbor

Answer 29

disastrous union defeat Grant now commander of union only one he regrets ordering union frontal assault against csa trenches

Question 30

Petersburg

Answer 30

``` foreshadowed trenches in WW1 union victory end of civil war petersburg was railroad hub battle of the crater was at petersburg ```

Question 31

how was civil war the 1st modern war?

Answer 31

``` modern weapons: machine guns, submarines, ironclad ships, repeating rifles trains for supplies/men trench warfare 1st photographed war csa Hunley was 1st sub to sink a ship ```

Question 32

reason for high casualties

Answer 32

better weapons, outdated strategies

Question 33

side with overall best military leaders

Answer 33

CSA

Question 34

how to avoid (legally) being drafted

Answer 34

North: pay for substitutes South: slave owners exempt

Question 35

Citizen reaction to union draft

Answer 35

riots in NY Lincoln suspends Writ of Habeas Corpus (arrested and detained indefinitely) sent army to NY to stop riots

Question 36

where terms of surrender signed

Answer 36

appomattox court house (town name)

Question 37

grant's terms

Answer 37

generous paroled all soldiers (gen demanded unconditional surrender)

Question 38

what unites the nation after civil war?

Answer 38

Spanish-American War 1898

Question 39

effects of civil war

Answer 39

union preserved | powers of fed gov strengthened and state's rights weakened