Civil Rights Test Study Guide Flashcards
Supreme Court case in which segregated schools were ruled unconstitutional
Brown v. Board of Education
Protest tactic of occupying seats and refusing to move
sit-in
Civil rights activists who tried to end segregation on national buses
freedom riders
Law that outlawed racial discrimination
Civil Rights Act of 1964
Name of project to win voting rights for southern blacks in Mississippi
Freedom Summer
Act that struck down state laws intended to keep blacks from voting
Voting Rights Act of 1965
Segregation by custom or practice
de facto segregation
Segregation by law
de jure segregation
African American group founded to combat police brutality
Black Panthers
Act that banned discrimination in housing
Civil Rights Act of 1968
Program aimed at hiring or including minorities
affirmative action
Belief that women should be equal to men in all areas
feminism
Amendment to the U.S. Constitution that would prohibit discrimination against women
Equal Rights Amendment (ERA)
activist in the civil rights movement best known for her pivotal role in the Montgomery bus boycott.
Rosa Parks
was an American Baptist minister and activist, one of the most prominent leaders in the civil rights movement from 1955 until his assassination in 1968
MLK
American civil rights lawyer and jurist who served as an associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States
Thurgood Marshall
American labor unionist and civil rights activist. In 1925, he organized and led the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters, the first successful African-American led labor union.
A. Philip Randolph
American politician and civil rights activist who served in the United States House of Representatives for Georgia’s 5th congressional district from 1987 until his death in 2020 and founded the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee
John Lewis
Supreme Court Case ruled that the “separate but equal” law did not violate the 14th Amendment
Plessy v. Ferguson
Supreme Court case that ruled racially segregated public schools are unconstitutional
Brown v. Board of Education
white supremacist group claimed responsibility for hundreds of violent attacks against African Americans and white civil rights supporters
Ku Klux Klan
African American students became the first to desegregate Little Rock Central High School in 1957
Little Rock Nine
Mandated the desegregation of all public schools
Civil Rights Act of 1957
College students who would protest the segregation of lunch counters at restaurants
Sit ins
African American pride and leadership
Black Power
goals of the National Organization for Women
More child-care facilities
More educational opportunities
Ban gender discrimination in hiring
Who wrote The Feminine Mystique
Betty Friedan
Required all immigrants seeking jobs prove their immigration status
Immigration Reform and Control Act 1986
riots that started the LGBT rights movement
Stonewall Riots
Requires public transportation and businesses to be made accessible to people with disabilities
Americans with Disabilities Act
WWII help set the stage for the Civil Rights Movement
The demand for soldiers during the war created a shortage of white male workers. This opened up many new jobs for blacks.
1 million African Americans had served in the armed forces.
Many returned from the war ready to fight for their own freedom.
Martin Luther King Jr. first emerged as a nationally-known leader of the Civil Rights Movement
The protesters looked for a person to lead the bus boycott.
They chose Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., the pastor of a Baptist church.
The boycott lasted 381 days.
Finally, in late 1956 the Supreme Court ruled that segregated buses were illegal.
King joined with other ministers and civil rights leaders in 1957.
They formed the Southern Christian Leadership for the purpose of using nonviolent protests to change public policies and attitudes toward integration.
