Civil Rights Movements (55-63) Flashcards
What was SNCC?
Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee
What was CORE?
Congress of Racial Equality
What was the SCLC?
Southern Christian Leadership Conference, led by MLK
What was the NAACP?
National Association for the Advancement of Coloured People
What were the Jim Crow Laws?
- Name comes from an African-American character in a song
- Laws in the South
- Enforced segregation between white and black people in public places like schools, transportation, restrooms and restaurants
What was the already existing stance on black and white people according to the Supreme Court?
‘Separate but equal’
What was the Montgomery Bus Boycott?
1955-56
- Rosa Parks was considered ‘perfect’ for the campaign against segregation in public transport after she refused to take up her seat on the ‘white area’ of a bus, and was taken to jail
- Originally the boycott was managed by the NAACP but the SCLC soon got involved and MLK came with them
- 90% of Black Americans in Montgomery boycotted the buses for around a year
- They set up ‘black taxis’ to aid those boycotting the buses
- Resulted in the integration of buses
What were the events of Greensboro?
1960
- Inspired by the bus boycott, 4 university students decided to test racial segregation in Woolworths (corporate giant) and sat in the white only lunch counter
- The police were called after they refused to leave - police couldn’t intervene as they did nothing provocative
- Inspired others nationally - Woolworths in Greensboro became integrated
What was the March on Washington?
1963
- All races were present, as well as all religions
- MLK was one of the main members, with his ‘I Have a Dream’ speech
- MLK pushed JFK to take action
- Biggest assembly of people for an event there had been
What were the events of Little Rock?
1957
- High school
- An attempt to enrol 9 black students to Arkansas state high school led to a riot
- Eisenhower sent troops to restore and to accompany the black students to and from for a whole year
What was the widespread idea of segregation in public places? 55-63
Was seen as unlawful to have places with white and black people in the same room
What was the widespread idea of segregation in sports? 55-63
Was seen as unlawful to have black and white people playing on the same team
The owner/leader of the team would be punished if there were a mixed group of people on the team
What were the attitudes of the police towards the violence of the CRM? 55-63
Little arrests to the white perpetrators of the violence
Little police interference on white-on-black crime
