Civil Rights Movements

Question 0

Who was Stokely Carmichael?

Answer 0

He radicalised CORE and the SNCC

Question 1

What were the two methods used by the Black Panther Party?

Answer 1

1. ) Patrol the pigs (when a police stopped a black person, members of the BPP would surround them, and remind people of their human rights, it identified police abuse. Created white fear & couldn’t work with federal government)
2. ) Survival programme (this aimed to to improve the lives of AA’s. For example free breakfast for school children, free health clinics and free liberation school. They were all highly successful.)

Question 2

Why did the civil rights movement become so fragmented after 1966?

Answer 2

1. ) Goals (Malcolm X didn’t want integration between blacks and whites, whilst MLK did)
2. ) Collaboration with whites (SCLC &NAACP allowed whites to make movement stronger. In 1966 SNCC expelled all white members

Question 3

What does the NAACP stand for? When where they created?

Answer 3

National Association Of The Advancement Of Coloured People, lead by Roy Wilkins. Set up in 1909

Question 4

What was to secure these rights?

Answer 4

It was set up in 1947 by Truman and was a survey to investigate racism in America. It did not achieve much as it only identified segregation

Question 5

What was the FEPC?

Answer 5

Fair Employment Practices Commission. Companies with government contracts not discriminate by race. Set up by Roosevelt in 1941

Question 6

What is a Jim Crow law?

Answer 6

Laws that separate black and white people

Question 7

What years were Harry Truman president?

Answer 7

1945-1953

Question 8

What was Plessy vs Ferguson?

Answer 8

It’s was in 1896. Ruled that segregated education was separate but equal

Question 9

What is a Dejure law?

Answer 9

Laws that are not reinforced

Question 10

What are Defacto laws?

Answer 10

Where everyday life changes as a result of the new law

Question 11

What was Smith vs Allwright?

Answer 11

It was in 1944. Where black citizens had the right to vote in primary elections

Question 12

What was Morgan v Virginia?

Answer 12

It was in 1946. Segregation on interstate transport was illegal

Question 13

What was Sweatt v Painter

Answer 13

In 1950. Graduate education must be desegregated

Question 14

What is the SNCC?

Answer 14

Student Non-violent Co-ordinating Committee

Question 15

What was the SCLC?

Answer 15

Southern Christian Leadership Conference

Question 16

What was the Journey Of Reconciliation?

Answer 16

Set up by CORE in 1947 to challenge the Morgan v Virginia verdict, they travelled along interstate transport

Question 17

What was Brown vs Board of Education?

Answer 17

It was in 1954. NAACP helped Linda Brown to court to question segregation in transport. They won and suggested a timetable for change

Question 18

What was Brown II?

Answer 18

It was in 1955. NAACP took them to court again. The court said that desegregation should happen with “deliberate speed”.

Question 19

Who was Emmet Till?

Answer 19

It was in 1955. He was killed because he whistled at a white women. His killers were found not guilty because of all white jury.

Question 20

What years was Eisenhower president?

Answer 20

1953-1961

Question 21

What was the Southern Manifesto?

Answer 21

Set up in 1956 to challenge the verdicts of the Brown cases. Signed by 77 congressmen, influenced white citizens councils

Question 22

He’s were the years of Eisenhower’s two Civil rights acts? Why were they so weak?

Answer 22

1957 and 1960. They were weak because he only introduced them to try and get black vote. It was weakened by southern Democrats so it could never live up to expectations. The second one on added 3% to black voters and they encouraged activism

Question 23

What were MLKs campaigns

Answer 23

M-Martin (Montgomery)
A-Always (Albany)
B-Bashes (Birmingham)
S-Segregation (Selma)

Question 24

What was Roosevelt’s GI Bill of rights?

Answer 24

Gave returning black soldiers from the war money for college and school