Civil Rights Movements Flashcards
What are the two influential Civil Rights groups during Truman’s presidency?
Congress of Racial Equality (CORE)
National Association for the advancement of coloured people (NAACP)
Who established CORE? And when?
The Congress of Racial Equality was established by James Farmer in 1942
What did CORE organise at first?
‘Sit-ins’ in Chicago restaurants
CORE activists organised the ‘Journey of Recognition’ - what and when was this?
In 1947, CORE Activists rode across the South of America in buses to see if the ‘Morgan v. Virginia’ ruling against segregated interstate transport was being followed
When was the NAACP founded? And what was it’s purpose?
Founded in 1909
Sought to undermine the 1896 ‘Plessy v. Ferguson’ which legitimised ‘separate but equal’ segregation
After taking a Legal Defence Fund in 1939, NAACP hired the best black lawyers - who were these three?
Robert Carter
Thurgood Marshall
Charles Hamilton Houston
The NAACP won many anti-segregation cases during 1944-50, what were some of the notable ones? (Six answers)
Smith v. Allwright
Morgan v. Virginia
Shelley v. Kramer
Henderson v. United States
McLaurin v. Oklahoma State
Sweatt v. Painter
What and when was the Smith v. Allwright ruling?
Africian-Americans were allowed to vote in primaries in Texas (1944)
What and when was the Morgan v. Virginia ruling?
Interstate travel was de-segregated (1946)
What and when was the Shelley v. Kramer ruling?
Estate agents could no longer refuse to sell a house to black clients (1948)
What and when was the Henderson v. United States ruling?
Segregation on railway dining cars was now illegal (1950)
What and when was the McLaurin v. Oklahoma State ruling?
George McLaurin was allowed to enter the University of Oklahoma for a PhD but was kept segregated (1950)
What and when was the Sweatt v. Painter ruling?
Herman Sweatt’s refusal to a Texan law school due to the ‘separate but equal’ policy was deemed unequal and unlawful (1950)
