Civil Rights in 50s

Question 1

What laws enforced racial segregation in the South after the Civil War?

Answer 1

Jim Crow laws

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Question 2

What was the ‘separate but equal’ doctrine?

Answer 2

A legal doctrine established by Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) that upheld segregation as constitutional

Question 3

What organization was co-founded by W.E.B. du Bois in 1906?

Answer 3

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)

Question 4

What campaign emerged during World War II advocating for both victory abroad and at home?

Answer 4

Double V Campaign

Question 5

What was the outcome of the Brown v. Topeka case?

Answer 5

The Supreme Court ruled that the ‘separate but equal’ doctrine was unconstitutional- made schools desegregate

Question 6

What was the reaction in the South to the Brown v. Topeka ruling?

Answer 6

Formation of White Citizens’ Councils (WCC) and resistance to desegregation

Question 7

What event highlighted violent racial discrimination in 1955?

Answer 7

The murder of Emmett Till

Question 8

What significant action did Rosa Parks take on December 1, 1955?

Answer 8

Refused to give up her seat to a white passenger- sparked Montgomery Bus Boycott

Question 9

How long did the Montgomery Bus Boycott last?

Answer 9

381 days

Question 10

What did the Civil Rights Act of 1957 aim to establish?

Answer 10

A US Commission of Civil Rights to investigate voting rights violations

Question 11

What was the significance of the Little Rock case in 1957?

Answer 11

President Eisenhower sent federal troops to protect black students at Little Rock High School.

Question 12

Fill in the blank: The South resisted the desegregation ruling by creating _______.

Answer 12

White Citizens’ Councils

Question 13

True or False: The Brown v. Topeka decision led to immediate desegregation across all schools in the South.

Answer 13

False- it was slow and met with a lot of resistance

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Question 14

What did the NAACP’s legal challenges focus on in the early 20th century?

Answer 14

Combating lynching and racial discrimination

Question 15

What was the role of the Montgomery Improvement Association (MIA) during the bus boycott?

Answer 15

Organized the boycott and led efforts to demand equal treatment on buses. MLK was its chairman.

Question 16

What was the outcome of the Browder v. Gayle case?

Answer 16

Buses in Montgomery were ruled to be desegregated

Question 17

What did the 13th Amendment 1865 do?

Answer 17

Abolish Slavery

Question 18

What did the 14th Amedment 1868 do?

Answer 18

Grant citizenship

Question 19

What did the 15th Amendment do?

Answer 19

Establish voting rights

Question 20

What were the 2 main impacts of the Brown v Topeka case.

Answer 20

1. Segregation was made illegal
2. White Resistance

Question 21

What were the 2 main impacts of the Emmett Till case?

Answer 21

1. Highlighted violent racial discrimination
2. Motivated people to join the Civil Rights movement

Question 22

What did Emmett Till’s mother insist upon?

Answer 22

Having an open casket funeral

Question 23

5 consequences of the Montgomery Bus Boycott

Answer 23

1. Desegregation of buses at Montgomery and other places.
2. Confirmed the power of unity
3. Validated non-violent direction action as an effective method
4. Other facilities at Montgomery remained segregated, e.g., cafes, restaurants, cinemas
5. The KKK attacked African Americans on the streets or in their homes.