civil rights Flashcards
Civil Rights
Freedoms guaranteed by the constitution
Dissent
Protest or speaking out against people in charge, rules, or laws
Civil Disobedience
breaking a law as a form of protest because you believe it is wrong, a form of dissent
Institutionalized
Official policy from the Govt. of a business,
racism was institutionalized in the South; it was the LAW to segregate Blacks
& Whites
Discrimination
Treating a group of people unfairly because they are a member of that group
Not hiring women
Segregation
dividing people based on race
Jim Crow Laws
Southern laws enforcing segregation
Poll Tax
a tax someone had to pay before they could vote
used to keep minorities from voting in the south
Literacy Test
a complicated test that people had to pass to before they were allowed to vote
used to keep minorities from voting in the south
Plessy v. Ferguson
said segregation was ok
you can have separate facilities as long as they are equal
“separate but equal”
Redress
v. setting things right
n. remedy or compensation for wrongdoing
Brown v. Board of Education
ended segregation in public schools
overturned Plessy v Ferguson
said school segregation violates the equal protection clause of the 14th Amendment
Quota
a number that must be met
teachers must assign 9 assignments per 9- weeks
a college setting aside 16 spots for African American students
Affirmative Action
trying to overcome past racism by encouraging diversity in a workplace or school admissions
The University of California Regents v. Bakke
said cannot use racial quotas for admissions to colleges
you can use race as A factor however
allowed limited affirmative action
1st Amendment
freedom of religion freedom to protest (or petition) freedom to assemble freedom of the press freedom of religion
13th Amendment
Ended Slavery
14th Amendment
If you are born in the U.S. you’re a citizen
All citizens are guaranteed equal protection under the law (this is called the “equal protection clause”)
15th Amendment
states cannot deny the right to vote based on race
1964 Civil Rights Act
banned racial and sex discrimination in public places (ended Jim Crow laws)
banned racial and sex discrimination in hiring
1965 Voting Rights Act
banned poll taxes as a requirement for voting
banned literacy tests as a requirement for voting
created federal government oversight for states with a poor civil rights record
26th Amendment
said citizens can vote at 18 years old
N.O.W.
National Organization for Women
fights to end sex discrimination
Migrant Workers
Low-paid Immigrant farm laborers
Move around from farm to farm, season to season
Usually Latin-American
Often undocumented
