civil rights Flashcards
Civil Rights
Freedoms guaranteed by the
constitution
Dissent
Protest or speaking out against people
in charge, rules, or laws
Civil Disobedience
breaking a law as a form of protest
because you believe it is wrong
• a form of dissent
Institutionalized
Official policy from the Govt. of a business
Discrimination
Treating a group of people unfairly
because they are a member of that group:
Segregation
dividing people based on race
Jim Crow Laws
Southern laws enforcing segregation
Poll Tax
a tax someone had to pay before they
could vote
• used to keep minorities from voting in
the south
Literacy Test
a complicated test that people had to
pass to before they were allowed to vote
• used to keep minorities from voting in the
south
Plessy v. Ferguson
said segregation was ok
• you can have separate facilities as long
as they are equal
• “separate but equal”
Redress
v. setting things right
• n. remedy or compensation for
wrongdoing
Brown v. Board of
Education
ended segregation in public schools
• overturned Plessy v Ferguson
• said school segregation violates the equal
protection clause of the 14th Amendment
Quota
a number that must be met
Affirmative Action
trying to overcome past racism by
encouraging diversity in a workplace or
school admissions
University of California
Regents v. Bakke
said cannot use racial quotas for
admissions to colleges
• you can use race as A factor however
• allowed limited affirmative action
1st Amendment
freedom of religion • freedom to protest (or petition) • freedom to assemble • freedom of the press • freedom of religion
13th Amendment
Ended slavery
14th Amendment
If you are born in the U.S. you’re a citizen
• All citizens are guaranteed equal protection
under the law (this is called the “equal
protection clause”)
15th Amendment
states cannot deny the right to vote
based on race
1964 Civil Rights Act
• banned racial and sex discrimination in
public places (ended Jim Crow laws)
• banned racial and sex discrimination in
hiring
1965 Voting Rights Act
banned poll taxes as a requirement for voting • banned literacy tests as a requirement for voting • created federal government oversight for states with a poor civil rights record
26th Amendment
said citizens can vote at 18 years old
N.O.W.
National Organization for Women
• fights to end sex discrimination
Migrant Workers
Low-paid Immigrant farm labourers • Move around from farm to farm, season to season • Usually Latin-American • Often undocumented
UFW
United farm workers
• Worked to improve conditions for migrant
farm workers
AIM
American Indian Movement
• Works to protect the rights of American
Indians
