Civil Rights 1917-1955

Question 1

Dates of amendments

Answer 1

13th abolished slavery 1865
14th usa born people were usa 1868
15th all usa citizens right to vote 1870

Question 2

General facts

Answer 2

-10% of population in 1917
-90% lived in the south
-1/2 were sharecroppers

Question 3

Jim Crow laws in the south

Answer 3

-every aspect of life was segregated
-buses
-toilets
-Fountains
-voting

Question 4

punishments

Answer 4

-intimidation beatings and lynchings
-1915 and 1930 65 white and 579 black men were lynched
-laisez fair policies insured nothing was done

Question 5

Ku klux klan

Answer 5

-White Anglo-Saxon protestant organisation
-included people with power
-aimed to maintain white control

Question 6

early combat of racism

Answer 6

1896 Plessy versus Ferguson the Supreme Court ruled segregation was fair if equal this wasn’t challenged till 1954

Question 7

The great migration positives

Answer 7

– Many millions went north so they could vote and get better jobs
– Cities in the north had no segregation
– Abundance of jobs

Question 8

The great migration negatives

Answer 8

– Discrimination in the workforce
– Housing was scarce
– Treated unfairly and harshly by police
– Race riots 1919

Question 9

immigration and change 1917-20

Answer 9

– Republicans Limited immigration because of wasp
– Catholics and Jews were thought to endanger national values
– Social scientists claims that southern and eastern European immigrants were less intelligent

Question 10

civil rights and new deal

Answer 10

-Number of AA employees rose by 50,000 to 150,000 some insignia positions
-obtained work from relief agencies like WPA which employed 350,000 every year
– federal housing administration 1937 built low income houses

Question 11

new deal negatives

Answer 11

– 200,000 blacks share croppers were evicted from the land under the AAA
– Some agencies such as TVA NRA FERA and SSA discriminated against African-Americans

Question 12

outcome of new deal

Answer 12

– New deal established the principle of racial inclusion and Summer quality
– African-Americans changed the voting support to FDR

Question 13

World War II

Answer 13

– Mass migration in the north there was far more defence industry
– This increased black voting power and saw black and white working together but there was some discrimination

Question 14

World War II part two

Answer 14

– over 1 million fort but came back to Less democracy than that what they were fighting for
-many veterans campaign for their rights
– NAACP (National Association for the advancement of coloured people) rose from 50,000 to 450,000

Question 15

World War II part three

Answer 15

-1941 Philip Randolph threatened to lead a March of 100,000 people on Washington unless discrimination ended in the workplace
-FDR set up the fair employment practice committee to enforce a ban on discrimination

Question 16

Native americans

Answer 16

-FDR ended a assimilation and wanted tribes to be run in a constitutional way by tribal councils

Question 17

Women and the new deal

Answer 17

-The new deal did very little for women
– Members of the same family that could not work could not get federal relief
– Wages were always unequal
– some agencies e.g. the CCC did not employ women
– Women, were usually fired before men

Question 18

women and the new deal positives

Answer 18

– FDR appointed the first female cabinet member Francis Perkins as secretary of labourer 1933 to 1945
– She was politically active against racial discrimination and gender discrimination
– Significant number of women working for social justice

Question 19

WW2 and women positives

Answer 19

– millions of women entered employment 19 million in 1945
– 3 million in Red Cross
– Many worked in defence industries tanks planes trucks cranes

Question 20

Ww2 and women negatives

Answer 20

– Rarely had senior jobs
– not paid equally
– survey showed disapproved of working wives
– Expected to go back home after war

Question 21

Immigrants

Answer 21

– 1930 smallest amount on record
– Mein found in urban areas and made up half of New York
– tend to higher in ethnic areas
– Usually voted Democrat
– shared mass culture, radio sport films and music

Question 22

Immigrants in ww2

Answer 22

– German and Italian immigrants were not targeted
Japanese immigrants were placed in detention centres
– Sympathy for China as they were attacked by Japan
– 1943 Chinese immigrants allowed in
– 100,000 Jews immigrated and settled in 1930 but many but many were refused entry

Question 23

1954 brown vs board

Answer 23

– Brown versus Board of Education topeka Kansas no segregation for schools as it was not fair

Question 24

bus boycott

Answer 24

– 1955 Rosa Parks NAACP organiser refused to give up her seat on the bus to a white man
– Arrested
– Black community demanded first comes first serve
– One year bus boycott and MLK as leader

Question 25

bus boycott aftermath

Answer 25

– fire bombed MLK‘s house
– Propagated non-violence and non-resistance