Civil Rights

Question 1

NSW Aborigines Protection Board

Answer 1

1883 - 1969
Had power over all aspects of Aboriginal people’s lives. Could remove children from their families.

Question 2

Aborigines Protection Act

Answer 2

1909
Gave the Aborigines Protection Board more power to control Aboriginal people’s lives.

Question 3

Federation

Answer 3

1901
Constitution stated that Aboriginal people would not be counted in census.

Question 4

Australian Aboriginal Progressive Association

Answer 4

1925 - 1927
Forged links between Aboriginal communities to advocate for autonomy, land rights, and the ending of the removal of children. It inspired more Indigenous rights movements such as the AAL and APA.

Question 5

Australian Aborigines League

Answer 5

1933
Founded by William Cooper. Worked legislatively to improve living standards for Aboriginal people and secure an Indigenous representative in parliament. 1938 Day of Mourning of Australia Day sesquicentenary. Also petitioned the King to aid Aboriginal people, but the petition never reached the King.

Question 6

Aborigines Progressive Association

Answer 6

1937
Founded by William Ferguson. Began an inquiry into the removal of children by the Aborigines Protection Board in November 1937, but it was never completed. Started first Aboriginal newspaper, the Australian Abo Call. Tried to formulate better policies for Indigenous people and secure citizenship.

Question 7

Cummeragunja Walk-Off

Answer 7

4 February 1939
Jack Patten led 150 Yorta-Yorta men on a 9-month strike at Cummeragunja Station to protest discriminatory and abusive treatment from the station manager. Strike was successful, in the end manager was replaced.

Question 8

Certificates of Exemption NSW

Answer 8

1943
Aboriginal people could attain citizenship but under conditions that they would not practise their culture, and could be revoked at any time.

Question 9

Freedom Rides

Answer 9

1965
Charles Perkins and a group of Sydney university students went on a road trip to outback communities in NSW to raise awareness on Aboriginal struggles.

Question 10

Citizenship Referendum

Answer 10

1967
90.77% of Australians voted in support of including Aboriginal people in the census and giving them full citizenship, bringing them under the legislative power of Commonwealth law.

Question 11

Protectionism

Answer 11

1869-1937

Question 12

Assimilation

Answer 12

1937-1965

Question 13

UN

Answer 13

24 October 1945
- General Assembly
- Security Council
- Economic and Social Council
- Secretariat
- International Court of Justice (ICJ)

Question 14

UDHR

Answer 14

10 December 1948
Drafted by Eleanor Roosevelt, Pen-Chung Chang, Charles Malik. Adopted by nations under supervision of Dr Herbert Evatt.