Civil Rights Flashcards
Reconstruction Amendments
Includes 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments
Dred Scott v. Sanford
Background:
Dred Scott was a slave (wife and baby), slaveowner died but had promised Scott he could buy his freedom. Scott was not allowed to and so he tried to sue
Precedent:
African Americans, whether free or enslaved, are not citizens
13th Amendment
Abolished slavery
14th Amendment
{Section 1}
Citizenship clause
If born in the US or go through the process
of naturalization, then a US citizen
Privileges and Immunities
States cannot deprive any person of life,
liberty, or property w/o due process; or
enforce laws that abridge privileges or
immunities of citizens
Due Process
States must observe due process
Equal Protection
States have to treat everyone equally before
the law
Selective Incorporation
Courts have to bring each right under the 14th amendment as they come up in court cases
Obergefell v. Hodges
Background:
Groups of same-sex couples sued their
states because they banned or refused to
recognize legal same-sex marriage
Precedent:
14th Amendment requires a state to license
a marriage between two people of the same
sex
14th Amendment requires a state to
recognize a marriage between two people of
the same sex that was legally licensed and
performed in another state
Black Codes
Laws to limit negro freedoms
Plessy v. Ferguson
Background:
Citizen’s Committee of New Orleans arranges for Homer Plessy to violate the law
Precedent”
Establishes precedent for segregation
“Separate but equal”
Brown v. Board of Education
Focuses on students
New psychological findings
Montgomery Bus Boycott
What?
African Americans refused to ride city buses
Where?
Montgomery, Alabama
Who?
Jo Ann Robinson
What?
Bus segregation was deemed unconstitutional
Birmingham Campaign
What?
African Americans “stormed” places around
Easter to pressure the segregated system in
hopes to desegregate
Where?
Alabama
Who?
King, Southern Christian Leadership
Conference, and Alabama Christian
Movement for Human Rights
What?
King was arrested, but eventually “blacks
only” and “whites only” signs were removed
Freedom Rides
What?
African Americans and White activists
traveled together on buses throughout the
south to challenge segregation laws
Where?
South East US
Who?
Unknown
What?
Kennedy ordered stricter guidelines on banning segregation
Sit-in Movement
What?
African Americans walked up to the whites-
only lunch counter, students waited to be
served
Where?
North Carolina
Who?
MLK Jr.
What?
Slowly, segregation policies were abandoned
March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom
What?
Peaceful march where “I Have a Dream”
speech was delivered
Where?
Washington D.C.
Who?
A. Philip Randolph
What?
Brought many together to provide a
powerful march
Selma March
What?
Protesters marched 54 miles, they were
beaten and killed
Where?
Alabama
Who?
Not sure
What?
Voting Rights Act of 1965
