Civics Flashcards
3 main roles of doing to boost eco
-make laws/legislatures
-provide public services (police, doctors, transportation)
-provide welfare (help the least Abel’s of society live a dignified life)
Federalism
Combined mode of Government that has divided 1 national gov, 2 or more regional gov
3 branches of gov and roles
Legislature/parliament- power to make laws house of rep & senate
Executive- GG, prime minis and cabinet, put laws into actions
Judiciary- courts and judges determine people have broken law
Separation of powers, why imp?
- each branch of gov should check each other : kept separate so they stop each other from abusing their powers (check and balance)
- dictatorship would happen ( powers merge)
Representative gov, how it works?
System of gov where parliament must make laws that reflect the views, values, moral standards of people
Responsible gov-def and exp
- gov must maintain support and is accountable, and answerable to the people, be able to justify actions and decisions
Liberal democracy, trump?
System top protect individual rights and freedoms, place limits
- freedom speech, basic rights ( assembly, expression) discrimination
Peaceful protests allowed,
Trump undermines legitimate media “fake news”
Structure of gov
HOR- represents interests of people in their electorates, votes on bills 151
SEN- represents state as whole 76, scrutinize executive gov to examine
GG- sign legislations to become law (royal assent) approves on behalf of queen, open parliament every 3yrs, appoints and dismisses ministers (DAVID HURLEY 1 July 2019)
Separation of powers indo, USA, aus (number houses, presidents level,biased level)
USA-
Parliament-:majority does not determine selected gov, president and cabinet is not congress, 438 HOR and 100SEN ,
single member electorate HOR,
Executive - GG is formal executive, hav similar GG to AUS, president directly elected by people but not GG
Judiciary- a determine legality of gov decision
AUS
-parliament; must pass both houses, 2 senators per state, single member electorate for HOR
-GG is the formal executive, hav similar GG to USA
Executive- same as USA
INDO-
Parliament- by gov, bicameral people’s consultative assembly
Executive- ex resisted by gov
Judiciary- is independent of executive and legislature
Representation (major parties, minor, congress
INDO- republic (people vote to determine gov). People vote and the gov implements
USA- major parties (republicans, democrats), right to organise political parties is respected, minor parties rarely elected, political parties can win presidency without congress
AUS- liberal and labor, right to organise political parties is respected, minor parties often elected due to preferential voting
Elections ind,USA,aus (mp no., lower upper, pref,more, suppression years vote)
IND- lower house people’s representative council or HOR consists 560 members, upper house or regional rep council consists 132, bicameral system, need 281+ seats to win from 560
USA- presidential vote every 4yrs, congressional elections every 2yrs, non compulsory, first past the post system most votes win 50%-, voter suppression (difficult to vote need ID)
AUS- election every 3yrs, voting compulsory, majority vote preferentially 50%+
Constitution; exclusive power of commonwealth gov, concurrent powers (both commonwealth and state gov), residual power of state gov (left over)
Ex: currency, defense, immigration, international trade
Con: taxation, marriage, census stat,
Res: sky edu, hospitals, police
Quote of census count
In reckoning the numbers of people in the commonwealth or state or other part of commonwealth, abo natives shall not be counted
Constitution def and reason
Def: a aggregate of fundamental principles that constitute the legal basis of a policy
Reason: eco growth, immigration, defense, national pride
How to change con
- Must pass throug both Houses of Parliament
- The people must vote through whole population must be doubled
- Royal assent given by GG
