Civ Pro Add-ons Flashcards
When must lack of PJ be raised by defendant?
in pre-answer motion or answer (whichever comes first)
How can attorneys interact with non-parties for discovery purposes?
ONLY through oral deposition under oath
Do defendants have duty to waive service?
YES, to avoid unnecessary expenses of serving summons
Can default judgment have issue preclusive effect?
NO
What cases may a federal court NOT exercise jdx over?
1) Probate matters
2) Domestic relations (divorce/alimony/custody)
Where in the US may foreign residents be sued?
ANY judicial district, including where P resides
When is diversity determined?
At time complaint is filed
NOT when cause of action arose
When may a deposition be taken?
AFTER initial planning conference, unless court permits or parties stipulate
What number generally suggests numerosity for class action?
Min. 40 people (but flexible)
When may district court correct clerical error?
On its own initiative, UNLESS appeal has been docketed, in which case need appeals court permission
When is failure to deny an allegation in a complaint NOT treated as an admission?
When related to DAMAGES
Must plaintiff respond to allegations in defendant’s answer?
ONLY IF court orders a reply, in which case failure to address = admission
When forum state and place where D resides differ, which state’s service applies?
You can follow service rules of EITHER state
How soon after preliminary injunction is issued can it be appealed?
immediately, as of right
If you appear in court to litigate merits of case, have you consented to PJ?
YES, even if you hoped to use court appearance to argue against PJ. You have availed yourself
Is nerve center activity control or operations?
direction/control/coordination of high level officers
NOT manufacturing or physical operations
Are parties in independent contractor relationships in privity?
NO, and thus issue preclusion does not apply bc parties do not represent each other’s interest
BUT employee-employer relationships are in privity
Can a judge dismiss juror because of consensus to reduce size of jury?
NO, after empaneling, only for good cause/emergency/misconduct
When a similar action is pending in state court, can federal court hear a suit when it has SMJ?
Yes, UNLESS there is
1) unsettled law
2) state interest
3) exceptional circumstances
May a plaintiff assert claim against properly impleaded third party?
Yes, but ONLY IF the court has 1) original SMJ or 2) supplemental SMJ over the claim
Venue rules when government officer is sued in special capacity?
Venue may be
1) where D resides
2) substantial portion of events occurred OR
3) where P resides
Venue rules when US govt sued?
1) Where P resides
OR
2) where events occurred
Who holds funds in statutory interpleader?
Stakeholder must deposit property or post bond
May a party join multiple unrelated claims in federal court?
YES, if SMJ satisfied
If SMJ NOT satisfied for all claims, common nucleus of operative fact may allow for joinder
Does a court clerk need permission from court to enter default judgment ?
No, may do so in his role
Two dismissal rule
Voluntary dismissal is WITH prejudice when p dismisses
1) first action in FEDERAL or STATE court without court order AND
2) same claim filed for dismissal in FEDERAL court
How to handle if jury’s general verdict and specific answers are inconsistent?
When answers inconsistent wither verdict, judge may:
1) order new trial
2) direct jury to re-deliberate
Or
3) enter judgment consistent with ANSWERS (special verdict)
When answers inconsistent with verdict and each other, judge must:
1) order new trial
OR
2) direct jury to redeliberate
For purposes of peremptory challenges, must multiple attorneys for one side share their 3 challenges?
NO, each attorney gets 3 challenges if representing multiple clients
Is service by email allowed for international corporations?
YES, any methods available except personal delivery okay
Are most final judgments stayed?
YES, automatically for 30 days, unless court orders otherwise
EXCEPTIONS
1) injunction/receivership
2) accounting in patent-infringement
When is TRO treated as preliminary injunction?
When TRO is extended past 14 days, it becomes equivalent to preliminary injunction and is thus IMMEDIATELY appealable
When may federal court in diversity apply FEDERAL law to substantive issues?
Only on rare instance where federal common law governs a uniquely federal interest that conflicts with sate law (e.g. federal military equipment)
Deadline to object to pre-trial disclosures?
14 days after disclosures
Otherwise waived
What occurs at final pretrial conference and can decision be appealed?
At final pretrial conference, federal district court judge will issue final pretrial order that formulates plan for trial
Court may modify order ONLY to prevent manifest injustice
Probate exception
Prohibits a federal district court from interfering with state proceedings to probate or annul a will or to administer a decedent’s estate
Watch out for NON-probate matters that resemble probate (e.g. payable-on-death account)
Is diversity destroyed if plaintiff moves to new state for SOLE PURPOSE of achieving diversity?
No, still okay!
Home state advantage
DEFENDANT CANNOT request to remove a case to a federal court of its OWN state (bc no need for concern about bias/mistreatment)
Residents of forum don’t need additional protection!
Can representative of estate be domiciled in his own state if being sued for fraud?
YES
Rep is domiciled in decedent’s state for purposes of probate
BUT if he is being sued in his personal capacity for misconduct, he is domiciled in his own home state
When multiple states/parties involved in a transaction, which state’s long-arm statute applies to establish PJ
The forum state’s
If a state does not allow attorney fee awards, may a judge still elect to grant them?
YES, as a sanction for bad faith during litigation
Under Erie, when federal common law is not on point and there is relevant state law, when may federal common law still apply?
When a UNIQUELY FEDERAL ISSUE is at stake
Is a dismissal due to failure to timely serve process with or without prejudice?
WITHOUT
When may materials in a pleading be stricken?
Any time they are redundant, immaterial, or scandalous
Court (on its own or upon motion) may order to strike
When may a court impose Rule 11 sanctions?
Only when an attorney does NOT make a reasonable inquiry under the circumstances to form a good faith belief about a pleading/motion
If injunctive relief is sought for class action, should CAFA or 23(b) apply?
23(b)–for injunctive or declaratory relief, NOT damages
May non-deposing party use a deposition to impeach a witness?
YES, any party can use to impeach
If juror answers question honestly but unreasonably in voir dire, is this basis for motion to grant new trial?
NO, only if answer to material question was dishonest AND that proper response would have provided valid basis for challenge for cause
How to treat action if it involves both legal and equitable claims with common issues of fact?
Jury must first try the legal claims
THEN court determines equitable claims bound by jury’s findings of fact on legal claim
If a complaint has both federal question claim and state law claim, can federal court hear both?
YES, so long as federal cause of action exists, court can also hear state law claims
Can a PLAINTIFF not be subject to personal jdx in forum state?
NO, only defendant, bc plaintiff AVAILED SELF of state by choosing to sue there
When a suit is transferred to different federal court for convenience, does the law of transferor or transferee court apply?
The law of TRANSFEROR court (original court)
In J&S liability jdx, are tortfeasors facing J&S liability necessary parties?
NO, therefore joinder is not compulsory
If failure to disclose expert witness info is not timely, can party be prevented from using testimony?
YES, UNLESS the failure to disclose is HARMLESS to other party (eg no impact on other party’s trial preparation)
Must jury instructions be given before or after closing arguments?
EITHER, though generally given after
For purposes of PJ, where is an insurer domiciled?
It is citizen of INSURED’s state as well as its incorporation state
So diversity can be destroyed if insured D and P are residents of same state, even if insurer is located elsewhere
What is defendant’s best response if plaintiff’s complaint is conclusory?
MOTION TO DISMISS (failure to state legal claim)
Are alternative allegations in a complaint permissible?
Are inconsistent allegations in a complaint permissible?
Yes, BOTH are admissible
Must parties provide each other with insurance agreements?
YES, both parties MUST provide each other with info and copies of insurance agreements UNLESS otherwise stipulated
Are injunctions immediately appealable?
Yes, as a matter of right, within 30 days of decision
If verdict is against weight of evidence, may it be set aside?
NO, so long as there is some evidence to support verdict
Does diverse citizenship exist for stateless people?
NO
What parties are stateless?
1) noncitizens present in the US but not citizens of foreign country
2) US citizens domiciled in foreign country