CIV BR : POP AND SOCIAL CLASS

Question 1

GB : Population Growth : From the Domesday Book to 1700

Answer 1

11th Cty : 1.5/1.75 million
mid 14th Cty: 3 million
End of the 17th Cty : 5.5 million

Question 2

The 18th century - consistent growth
( numbers evolution)

Answer 2

6.7 million in 1760 to 8.8 million in 1801 ( fst census )

Question 3

The 19 century : population explosion why and until when ?

Answer 3

the birth rate continued to rise until about 1875

> > massive rise in economic activity&raquo_space; average age of marriage 30 to 23 years

Question 4

Number of pop in 1921 and children/death rate in beg 19th ?

Answer 4

1921: 44 million

30/1000 children in 1901 > 16/1000 chld in 1931
16/1000 death rate in 1931
So pop decline

Question 5

pop growth 1942-64 and associated with ?

Answer 5

Population decline halted by “ baby bulges “ of 1942/47 and 1955/64 .
Associated with a decline in infant mortality + revival of early marriages + welfare state

Question 6

The 21st century - faster growth (population and change why ?)

Answer 6

pop 3rd largest in the EU
fastest growing with a 0.6% annual increase
BC nat change + net migration (343 mk in 2015 / 226mk in 2019 )

Question 7

Pop growth 1900/1942 reasons ?

Answer 7

Bc incresed consumerism / emergence of leisure / changing spiritual and social perspectives = new family form helped control the rapid population growth

Question 8

Why pop increase end of the 18th Cty and 19th Cty ?

Answer 8

population stronger and better diet + communications revolution + better quality clothing and hygiene + buyant economic atmosphere encouraged earlier marriage

> > lower death rate / birth death bc improvements in medical knowledge

Question 9

Where was the most populat area of Britain in 1700 ?

Answer 9

In the south (line Worcestershire to Norfolk)

Question 10

What were the biggest towns outside London in 1700 ?

Answer 10

Bristol 40k / Norwich 28k / York 12k

Question 11

How the center of gravity of the population shift during the 19th centuries ?

Answer 11

From the south and east to the midlands and north

(Birmingham / Sth Wales / Sth Lancashire )

Question 12

Gravity of the pop shift associated with in 19th Cty ? (eco)

Answer 12

Rise of heavy industry and textile trade relied on steam for its source of power .

Question 13

New towns become metropolises with this textile industry ?

Answer 13

Birmingham / Wolverhampton / Manchester / Leeds / Bradford / Huddersfield

Question 14

Turn of the 19th Cty , drift to the Nth countered by :

Answer 14

• diminushing importance of coal
• new light engineering firms began etablished themselved place better suited to their market

Question 15

Where was the new sunrise industries of the late 1920’s and 1930’s and why ?

Answer 15

In the home countries area of the South East of England (1/3 of BR pop )
BC good communication and proximity London/EU

Question 16

England pop now

Answer 16

56 million

Question 17

Scotland pop now

Answer 17

5.5 million

Question 18

Wales pop now

Answer 18

3.1 million

Question 19

Northern Ireland pop now

Answer 19

1.8 million

Question 20

3 most populated urban area now

Answer 20

Greater London (9.8 mili )
Greater Manchester (2.5 mili )
Birmingham/West Midlands coonurbation ( 2.3 mili )

Question 21

White and minorities percent now

Answer 21

81% white british pop (decrease)
14 % ethnic minorities (increase)

Question 22

Proportion of britain pop over 65 between 1945 and now :

Answer 22

5% to 18 %

Question 23

ratio who those in work will have to generate enough out-put to support the aging pop ?

Answer 23

“Old age Dependency Ratio “ (OADR)

Question 24

Why life expectancy continues to track inequality ?

Answer 24

25-year gap between the wealthiest and the poorest in society

Question 25

immigrants 16th and 17th Cty

Answer 25

Dutch and Flemish after the outbreak of anti-protestant persecution . (40k in 1685)

Question 26

Immigants start of the 19th Cty

Answer 26

Irish immigrants who where fleeing famine and hunger.

Question 27

Immigrants in the 1930’s

Answer 27

People who fled Nazi persecution

Question 28

Immigrants : period after 1951

Answer 28

Immigration reach a peak with the large net inflows of mainly Indian , Pakistani , East and West African and West Indian immigrants .

Question 29

George Orwell on Britain and social class

Answer 29

“most class-ridden country under the sun”

Question 30

E.P Thompson two separate strands in the formation of class ( early 19th )

Answer 30

“conditionning and agencing “

-by the changes in society and economy
-shared experience of struggle which finds strenght in a common unity

Question 31

middle class turn at the 18th ( number of functions )

Answer 31

tenant farmers /lawyers/doctors/clergy/journalist

Question 32

19th century population numbers

Answer 32

1861: 29 million
1881 : 35 million

Question 33

quote about pop explosion in 19th Cty

Answer 33

” one of the most dramatic demographic movements of this millennium “

Question 34

1951 and 1981 population ?

Answer 34

1951: 50 million
1981 : 56 million

Question 35

pop growth since mid 1960’s and why ?

Answer 35

Since mid 1960’s&raquo_space; pop has levelled off and growth has been slow down
BC&raquo_space; “modernization”

Question 36

Ex in London showing that life expectancy is link with wealth

Answer 36

Ex: women in whealty Richmond , West London living to an average of 72y / women in poorer Tower Hamlets 54y .

Question 37

Part of population born abroad now ? And who ?

Answer 37

14% of UK pop born abroad (Polish residents 831mk /India 795mk)

Question 38

By who was governed Britain up to the last quarter of the 19th Cty ?

Answer 38

It’s landed aristocracy

Question 39

Who was the landed aristocracy ?

Answer 39

Men of substantial wealth whose power derived from hereditary primogeniture and the ownership of land .

Question 40

By what aristocratic power began to be replace in the late 19th Cty ?

Answer 40

Plutocracy - the rule of the wealthy

Question 41

4 Factors of decline for aristocracy :

Answer 41

-expansion of the electorate (1885)
-rise of organised political parties
-Land Acts
-confrontation btw Lloyd George and the HofLd in 1909/10

Question 42

How call we the new class that becoming after the “embourgeoisement” of 1950/60’s ?

Answer 42

“new working class” become “ middle class” in cultural and political behaviour

Question 43

In what year began the end of social mobility and the freezing of class differences ?

Answer 43

1979

Question 44

In what class have we more geographical variation in accent and dialect ?

Answer 44

The lower social classes

Question 44

Percent of schoool-leaving pop moving in higher education today and in 1970 ?

Answer 44

38% against 10% in 1970

Question 45

For pessimist what are the claims to social justice and equal opportunity ?

Answer 45

They are mere rhetoric