City of God and Elite Squad Assessment

Question 1

Who directed City of God and when was it made?

Answer 1

Fernando Meirelles, Kátia Lund - 2002

Question 2

Elite Squad - where is it set and in what year?

Answer 2

Rio de Janeiro - 1997

Question 3

City of God looks at Gang Culture in what period?

Answer 3

1980s

Question 4

How many murders occurred in Rio in 2007?

Answer 4

6000

Question 5

What is the technique by which a camera is in the middle of the action - in this case when the chicken tries to take flight - and the resultant confusing array of hand held images result?

Answer 5

Cinema Verite - Cinema of the ‘real’

Question 6

Read the attached article from the Daily Telegraph on Elite Squad’s release. The director’s third film was going to be about Politicians. Did it get made?

Answer 6

It appears not - he went on to produce ‘Narcos’

Question 7

Why does the book suggest that City of God fails as a film?

Answer 7

Li’l Ze is an unrealistic character - simply an ‘embodiment of evil’.

Question 8

Who kills Knockout Ned for the same reason Ned is trying to kill Li’l Ze? (Out of revenge).

Answer 8

Otto

Question 9

What is the name of the elite Police squad that works in the Favelas?

Answer 9

BOPE

Question 10

What does Todorov’s theory state?

Answer 10

Equilibrium, disruption, recognition of disruption, attempt to repair, equilibrium

Question 11

How much more was spent on Elite squad than on City of God?

Answer 11

700,000

Question 12

Which made more money, City of God or Elite squad? Opening weekend

Answer 12

City of God - 541,000 as opposed to 3600

Question 13

Marxists believe that power is exerted over the working class by the —————– class

Answer 13

Ruling class

Question 14

During the film Benny has a celebratory party which Ze ruins, but what is the principle reason that Ze doesn’t join in the fun?

Answer 14

Ze cannot dance and is ugly

Question 15

According to your notes, what is the major criticism of Elite squad?

Answer 15

The action is gratuitous and the film is right wing

Question 16

where do the middle classes escape to with private security and gated communities?

Answer 16

Copacabana, Ipanema

Question 17

What is Rocket’s ambition?

Answer 17

To escape the Favela and become a photographer

Question 18

What does ‘right wing’ mean?

Answer 18

On the side of oppressive law and order; the traditional status quo must be maintained and capitalism must be allowed to thrive

Question 19

Which philosopher talked about the exertion of power - such as the Police over others but also education as a form of exerting power?

Answer 19

Althusser

Question 20

Name a French film which also looks at urban conflict - in this case in the Paris slums.

Answer 20

La Haine

Question 21

Until what year was there martial law - military rule?

Answer 21

1985

Question 22

The soundtrack is fast paced and echoes/reflects the chase of the bird through the streets; what is this sort of sound called?

Answer 22

Parallel

Question 23

When did military rule end in Brazil?

Answer 23

1985

Question 24

In what decade does Rocket’s story begin?

Answer 24

1960s

Question 25

Which film does the book compare City of God to as having similar themes of corruption and political carelessness?

Answer 25

Elite squad

Question 26

The chicken is trying to escape the carving knife and eventually escapes; how could this act as a metaphor for the film’s main story?

Answer 26

Rocket is also trying to escape the Favela - like the chicken is being chased - so is he.

Question 27

Why are the Police so intent on taking down drug dealers in 1997?

Answer 27

The Pope is visiting

Question 28

What is the nearest city to the City of God?

Answer 28

Rio De Janeiro

Question 29

What is it about the background of the writer of Elite Squad that might influence a pro- Police viewpoint?

Answer 29

He was ex-BOPE

Question 30

What happens to Tiago and why is he in the film?

Answer 30

He becomes a drug addict and li’l Ze’s associate - shows what happens to the easily influenced youth.

Question 31

Brazil is Latin America’s largest country and the ______ most populated in the world.

Answer 31

Fifth

Question 32

The arrival of explorer Pedro Alvares Cabral in 1500 led to a legacy of Portuguese colonisation, while other parts of Latin America were mostly claimed by the _________.

Answer 32

Spanish

Question 33

When the indigenous tribes failed to meet the needs of the colonists, the new land owners brought in African slaves to work the mines and plantations. Brazil - which achieved independence in 1822 - was one of the last countries to abolish slavery, in ________.

Answer 33

1888

Question 34

Republican democracy was stifled a number of times in the 20th century by coups and __________.

Answer 34

Dictatorships

Question 35

The last period of military rule ended in ______ and in 1989 Fernando Collor became Brazil’s first democratically elected president for 25 years. He was impeached three years later on corruption charges.

Answer 35

1985

Question 36

In a modern tale of rags to riches, former shoe-shine boy Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva - known as ____ - became president in 2002 - the first left-wing leader of Brazil in 40 years.

Answer 36

Lula

Question 37

Brazil has Latin America’s __________ economy with a GDP of $795.7bn and GDP per capita of $8,458. There has been steady growth under Lula but millions still live in poverty.

Answer 37

Largest

Question 38

The wealth is based in the south and south-east - the cities of Rio de Janeiro and Sao Paulo and the southern areas heavily settled by ___________ immigrants.

Answer 38

European

Question 39

President Lula was elected in _______. His victory for the Workers’ Party (PT) - at the fourth attempt - put a left-wing government in power for the first time in more than 40 years.

Answer 39

2002

Question 40

The vast country - with a population of ____ million - is also home to extreme contrasts of wealth and poverty.

Answer 40

180

Question 41

Around __% of the population live in urban environments - where poverty and violence are rife.

Answer 41

84

Question 42

Many residents of the slums or shanty towns of Rio de Janeiro and Sao Paulo live with the constant threat of gun violence from heavily armed drug traffickers. More than ________ are killed by the police every year, says Amnesty International.

Answer 42

2000

Question 43

Around 73% of the population claim to be _________ - a legacy of the Portuguese rule - and in the Catholic calendar the period of Lent is preceded by carnival.

Answer 43

Catholic

Question 44

City of God and Elite Squad are set in ________

Answer 44

Brazil

Question 45

Bope stands for?

Answer 45

Battalion for Special Police Operations.

Question 46

BOPE were created to deal with kidnappings, but their job now is to take on the most dangerous _____ ________ in the country, a battle fought with high-calibre weapons in the city’s favelas or shanty towns.

Answer 46

Drug gangs

Question 47

Their (BOPE) role has made the force extremely controversial, with accusations that they have killed _________ people whose only crime was to be in the wrong place at the wrong time.

Answer 47

Innocent

Question 48

The film includes scenes in which captives are __________ by police officers to obtain information, and one in which an unarmed suspect is killed. At the same time, a drug gang burns a screaming captive to death, his body wrapped in tyres as he is set alight, apparently to destroy all human remains.

Answer 48

Tortured

Question 49

The movie also points an accusing finger at the hypocrisy of _____ young people who complain about violence in Brazilian society, but who use the drugs that finance the gangs which dominate many favelas.

Answer 49

Rich

Question 50

In a survey in Veja news magazine, 79% of respondents said they believed the film showed the police as they really are, and ___% thought the drug dealers in the movie were treated the way they deserved.

Answer 50

72

Question 51

___% said torture was not an acceptable way to get a confession from a drug trafficker.

Answer 51

51

Question 52

Some critics have accused the film of glamorising ________ and making a hero of a police officer who endorses torture and acts outside the law, an interpretation rejected by the film’s director.

Answer 52

Violence

Question 53

On the streets of Providencia, a favela whose walls bear the bullet marks of many recent gun battles, there is little sympathy for the _______.

Answer 53

Police

Question 54

One of Bope’s senior commanders insisted he did not accept the film’s portrayal of police using torture.

“The film is a fiction and the author may exaggerate things. The limit of activity of police, in particular Bope, is the law. The law doesn’t allow us to do that. Torture is not permissible, torture is a ______”

Answer 54

Crime

Question 55

The elite squad in question is _______ (State Police Special Operations Battalion), the brutal, paramilitary police commando force which combats crime in Rio’s slums by any means necessary.

Answer 55

BOPE

Question 56

The film’s main character - and its highly unreliable narrator - is Captain ___________, a jaded 30-ish cop who is about to become a father.

Answer 56

Nascimento

Question 57

He embraces BOPE’s unsavoury methods unquestioningly. But now he wants out and needs a _________.

Answer 57

Successor

Question 58

Among those who saw the first pirate version of Elite Squad were the police, who immediately _____.

Answer 58

Sued

Question 59

The ________ ruled in his favour on the grounds that the film accurately reflected the current situation.

Answer 59

Judge

Question 60

A report by Amnesty International found that in ______ police killed at least 1,260 people in the state of Rio de Janeiro alone - and that’s just according to official figures.

Answer 60

2007

Question 61

Elite Squad’s apparent espousal of Nascimento’s take-no-prisoners philosophy, and its superabundance of bloody shoot-outs had local audiences ________.

Answer 61

Cheering

Question 62

The accusations of ____-_____ extremism were made in local media, such as O Globo, Rio’s largest newspaper, as well as by international critics.

Answer 62

Right-wing

Question 63

The film “presents its case by celebrating police ____________”, said Variety. Padilha begs to differ.

Answer 63

Psychopaths

Question 64

Aren’t these damaging images of his country? “Yes they are,” says Padilha promptly. “And I think we filmmakers should go on, even harder. The _________ are not changing, so let’s put them on the spot.”

Answer 64

Politicians

Question 65

We learn by analyzing his life that he became a violent man in his personal life primarily due to his actions as a member of BOPE, a police division that is shown as extremely violent to the point of using ______ as a means of obtaining information.

Answer 65

Torture

Question 66

The middle-class students who work at the NGO that supports the poor people from the ________ are presented as leftists and drug consumers/distributers, funding the same drug selling system that they criticize.

Answer 66

Favela

Question 67

Synthesizing, we could say that the plot is about a man’s inner struggle to reconcile his work and his family, but it’s also about social issues such as the police abuses - whether it’s in the the form of violence or corruption - and the _____ dealing system.

Answer 67

Drug

Question 68

The greatest accomplishment of Elite Squad is revealing the philosophy of __________ law and order to be deeply naive and ineffective, but does not ignore how seductive it can be.

Answer 68

Conservative

Question 69

Directed and co-scripted by José _________, Elite Squad is a now fairly familiar sort of report on the war zone that is Rio de Janeiro.

Answer 69

Padilha

Question 70

The visual style is harsh - blindingly bright by day, the dark nights lit by naked bulbs and gunfire, the _________ camera running along with police and gangsters through alleyways and up steep streets.

Answer 70

Handheld

Question 71

The cops are underpaid and ________, the arrogant, remorseless gangs protect their turf and are left to fight it out among themselves.

Answer 71

Corrupt

Question 72

The authorities are indifferent to the plight of the ______; the middle and upper classes turn their backs on the city’s problems.

Answer 72

Poor

Question 73

Only the Elite Squad are beyond corruption but to maintain this position they must embrace ________ rituals, turn training sessions into sadistic ordeals and adopt ruthless policies that mirror the behaviour of their worst opponents.

Answer 73

Fascistic

Question 74

The film’s plot turns on which of _____ ambitious young lieutenants of very different temperaments will be promoted to succeed a seasoned captain who’s packing it in, a burnt-out case in his mid-thirties.

Answer 74

Two

Question 75

The retiring veteran provides an exhausting non-stop _____-______ narration, and we have little doubt which man he’ll choose, provided of course that both are alive at the end.

Answer 75

Voice-over

Question 76

Elite Squad depicts the life of the film narrator Roberto Nascimento, the captain of an elite squad in the police of Rio de Janeiro, who is awaiting for a promotion to Lieutenant Colonel and is seeking a replacement so he could spend more time with his _____ and his upcoming son.

Answer 76

Wife

Question 77

As he goes through this situation, he plunges into an inner struggle after he chooses _____ to be his successor and the latter proves to be the wrong choice as he is too euphoric to command the squad.

Answer 77

Neto

Question 78

Later on, Neto is assassinated by drug dealers, and Nascimento explores his death to turn André ______ - Neto’s best friend - into his replacement.

Answer 78

Matias

Question 79

At some point, Nascimento becomes too stressed about his work and becomes __________ even at home, repelling his pregnant wife away from him.

Answer 79

Aggressive

Question 80

While Elite Squad is derived from real life events, generically speaking, this is a crime film – and to be slightly more precise, falling into the sub-genre of the police __________.

Answer 80

Procedural

Question 81

The police procedural, or police crime drama, is a subgenre of _________ fiction which attempts to convincingly depict the activities of a police force as they investigate crimes.

Answer 81

Detective

Question 82

The primary notion for a ‘successful’ narrative is to develop the relationship between ‘good’ and ‘evil’, as this essentially is what develops the _______ which then develops the story.

Answer 82

Conflict

Question 83

With __________ approaching, Nascimento plans to step down, and the film charts his efforts to find a replacement whilst tackling violent criminals and endemic police corruption.

Answer 83

Fatherhood

Question 84

Nascimento is one of the few clean cops, but such is his utilitarian approach to imposing justice – often resorting to ________ of suspects – that the line between himself and those he hunts is often hard to discern.

Answer 84

Torture

Question 85

The ingredients are thus present for a classic anti-hero, but the film fails to ever figure out the _____ status of this character, just as it fails to figure out its stance towards the organisation in which he works.

Answer 85

Moral

Question 86

You can construct your own table of ‘typical’ male/female characteristics, like this one:

Typically masculine:

• Tough
• _____
• Sweaty

Answer 86

Hard

Question 87

Women are often represented as being part of a ________ (family, friends, colleagues) and working/thinking as part of a team.

Answer 87

Context

Question 88

In drama, they tend to take the role of helper (_____) or object, passive rather than active. Often their passivity extends to victimhood.

Answer 88

Propp

Question 89

The representations of women that do make it onto page and screen do tend to be __________, in terms of conforming to societal expectations, and characters who do not fit into the mould tend to be seen as dangerous and deviant.

Answer 89

Stereotypical

Question 90

‘Masculinity’ is a concept that is made up of more rigid stereotypes than femininity. Representations of men across all media tend to focus on the following:

•Strength - physical and intellectual
•\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
•Sexual attractiveness (which may be based on the above)
•Physique
Independence (of thought, action)

Answer 90

Power

Question 91

Male characters are often represented as isolated, as not needing to rely on others (the lone _____)

Answer 91

Hero

Question 92

Captain Roberto ___________ (Wagner Moura) narrates the film, briefly explaining how the police and the drug lords of Rio de Janeiro cooperate with each other (policemen collect periodic bribes and drug lords are left free to operate) in the 90’s.

Answer 92

Nascimento

Question 93

In 1997, In medias res, officer Captain _________ (Marcelo Valle) and his colleagues are shown driving through Morro da Babilônia towards a baile funk.

Answer 93

Oliveira

Question 94

Nascimento and his other colleagues are also shown in their armored car. Meanwhile, novice police officers André Matias (André Ramiro) and _____ Gouveia (Caio Junqueira) are shown riding a motorcycle at the same favela, though not with the other officers.

Answer 94

Neto

Question 95

Not wanting to be an absent father when his child is born, Nascimento decides to search for a successor for his role as a ________, since he will be promoted to Lieutenant Colonel.

Answer 95

Captain

Question 96

This coincides with an operation he will have to lead at Morro dos Prazeres in order to secure the location and clean it of drug dealers, so that Pope John _____ II can spend the night iin Archbishop’s home, located near the slum buildings and favelas.

Answer 96

Paul

Question 97

Besides working at the local police, _______ is a Law student at “the best new Law university of Rio”, according to Nascimento, where his classmates are shown as well-off young adults that tend to see the police as a repressive unit, while several others are selling marijuana around the campus.

Answer 97

Matias

Question 98

By riding with his superior Captain _____ (Milhem Cortaz), Neto learns about corruption schemes adopted by police officers – commonly, owners of small establishments pay periodic bribes to the police in exchange for their presence in front of their places, so they are safer.

Answer 98

Fabio

Question 99

Another scheme, learned by Matias, is the relocation of _____ _______ to other battalion’s areas, so that one’s criminal statistics will artificially decrease and leave less work to the department charged to the battalion, which Matias learns the hard way when his superiors rage at him for filling their department with files they are too lazy to solve.

Answer 99

Dead bodies

Question 100

Nascimento is confronted by a woman claiming the _____ of her son, who was killed by drug lords after being forced to confess by Nascimento, who was then released knowingly of the danger.

Answer 100

Body

Question 101

BOPE’s training program takes place over the course of a few weeks in the jungles of Brazil, and proves a tough challenge and all enrolled officers are subjected to severe physical and psychological punishments and are trained under extreme pressure “in order to eliminate the weak and, mainly, punish the corrupt”, as Nascimento explains, as the goal is to eliminate all the corrupt and mentally weak officers and only keep the _______ and tough ones.

Answer 101

Honest

Question 102

Because Matias is aware that he will be killed once inside the slum, he blackmails ____ into arranging the meeting at the base of the slum. However, Neto informs Matias that he arranged a job interview for the same day and hour and offers to go in his place to bring Romerito the glasses.

Answer 102

Edu

Question 103

Edu reveals to Baiano that he had been threatened by Matias, and the drug lord decides to take revenge on Matias for getting his friend killed, as well as interrupting his operations. After giving Romerito his _________, Neto is taken down by Baiano and his men.

Answer 103

Glasses

Question 104

In a rage, Matias interrupts a peace walk, beats Edu up and insults _______ and the others, accusing them of being nothing but spoiled hypocritical drug users working for a dealer to provide for their work.

Answer 104

Maria

Question 105

The scenes that precede this chapter take place outside.

Rocket is on the beach with _______.

Answer 105

Angelica

Question 106

Rocket offers to go and get her a ______ at Blacky’s.

Answer 106

Joint

Question 107

In a series of cuts he goes from the beach to the Apartment through narrow streets of low shacks with tin roofs, now with apartment blocks in the background.

We see long shots down alleyways, empty except for a mangy ________.

Answer 107

Dog

Question 108

A low angle looks up between apartments followed by a cut to a dark corridor and knocks on a door.

Cut to _______ inside who opens the door.

Answer 108

Blacky

Question 109

The Apartment consists of a living room containing a few pieces of furniture including a broken refrigerator; the walls are daubed with paint.

At the back, on either side of the front door are a bedroom to the left and a bathroom to the right, where a ______ and lavatory can be seen.

Answer 109

Basin

Question 110

Rocket asks for a joint.

While he is waiting there is a banging on the front door.

Blacky pulls out a ______

Answer 110

Gun

Question 111

Cut to the fixed ______ shot that will tell the story

Answer 111

Long

Question 112

We will not enter the Apartment ourselves, or see things from the characters’ points of view.

This is in marked contrast to the highly ______ style of most film.

Answer 112

Mobile

Question 113

A wide angle ____ and deep focus give an exaggerated perspective to the room where figures appear large in the foreground, small in the background.

Answer 113

Lens

Question 114

The story is told with a series of dissolves where people appear, disappear and reappear in different parts of the ______.

Answer 114

Room

Question 115

In the Apartment the characters watch themselves.

The walls change _______, the furniture moves and objects change.

Answer 115

Colour

Question 116

As usual Rocket guides us through the story that begins with the dissolve into a tidier, more homely version, with the overall colour of the warmer _____.

Answer 116

Past

Question 117

Define heterodiegetic.

Answer 117

Relating to a narrator that does not take part in the plot.

Question 118

The Apartment is mainly yellow, the predominant colour of the 60s favela; a ________ is in the foreground right, a yellow curtain draped behind it conceals the lavatory from our view.

Answer 118

Table

Question 119

Carrot and Aristotle make an agreement but whilst they are doing so Big Boy appears large in the front left.

He knows what is going on and now the ______ is very dark.

Big Boy’s ultimatum leads to Aristotle’s death.

The Apartment is now very dark indeed.

Without changing camera positions the spectator just watches from a distance and listens to the story told by someone who wasn’t there.

We can have no illusion that we are participating in [and therefore having an influence on] the action.

Answer 119

Screen

Question 120

The montage of conflicting shots and the collision of the fast paced editing now give way to the spectacular ________ shots which will morph Rocket from a young man to a boy, and the favela to its former days of low rise shacks and open spaces.

Answer 120

Circling

Question 121

The meeting up of two of the principal characters initiates the story, the circular shot will provide the bridge between what they were and what they will _______.

Answer 121

Become

Question 122

In the stand-off Rocket is in the middle with the police behind him and the gang in front, not part of either faction.

This is a position he will maintain as the ______ voice of the film.

Answer 122

Neutral

Question 123

Rocket is also the person who has sealed Ze’s notoriety by taking photographs of his gang that have made the front page of the newspapers.

At the end of the film we will return to this scene and Rocket will take more pictures, only this time it will be of ______ bribing the police.

We can remind ourselves that what we are seeing is Rocket’s version of events.

Answer 123

Ze

Question 124

To interrupt this action, take us into flashback and begin Rocket’s commentary, we have a ________ shot as he begins to turn his head.

A jump cut to behind Rocket shows the gang in the distance.

As he enters the story as its teller he starts to turn round, his arms still extended.

Answer 124

Medium

Question 125

Rocket is caught between the rock of the cops and the hard place of the ______.

Answer 125

Gang

Question 126

The camera completes a second clockwise 360 degree turn, Rocket centre screen.

The scene dissolves into young Rocket still centre screen, now dressed in a _____ shirt.

The crowded buildings turn into one story simple shacks, the colour turns from cold grey-blue to warm yellow.

Answer 126

Yellow

Question 127

The camera movement continues in a third turn.

The title on screen informs us it’s the _________.

Answer 127

Sixties

Question 128

This scene when replayed will turn into a pitched and bloody battle but now instead of crowded streets there is open space.

Rocket still has him arms out, not to catch a chicken but to try and stop a ________.

Answer 128

Football

Question 129

In the stand-off Rocket is in the middle with the ______ behind him and the gang in front, not part of either faction.

Answer 129

Gang

Question 130

In an interview with Alex Bellos of The Guardian Katia _____ stated her case to be credited as the film’s co-director.

Answer 130

Lund

Question 131

Daniel Rezende has emphasised that his use of digital editing allowed him to experiment and try out new ideas.

He claims that many of the interpretations of the characters were created at the _______ stage.

Answer 131

Editing

Question 132

__________ maintained that it was the editor/director who took the shot footage and created the film through the way the shots were joined together.

Answer 132

Kuleshov

Question 133

Montage is used for emotional effect.

The active and powerful way that it drives the narrative by combining different shots can be examined in terms of other theories used in early _______ cinema.

Answer 133

Soviet

Question 134

These were laid down by _________ in 1923 in his essay The Montage of Attractions where he set out the importance of editing used not to link shots in continuity but to make them collide against each other to produce shocks.

Answer 134

Eisenstein

Question 135

Eisentein proposed that such shots opposed the illusionary ________ of Hollywood because they stress the artificiality of the work.

Answer 135

Realism

Question 136

In City of God opposing or colliding shots move from one mode to another – high to low angles, close up to long shots, movement within the frame left to right, right to left, up to down.

Long takes allow the spectator to settle into the scene; ________ jolts the spectator into a confrontation with the material, constantly removing and changing the image.

Answer 136

Montage

Question 137

The ‘restless’ style, characteristic of the whole film, announces itself from the start.

The film begins not with the customary establishing shot but with flashes that illuminate a series of close-ups – knife, hand and stone – with a cut to ______ between each shot.

Answer 137

Black

Question 138

The film begins not with the customary establishing shot but with flashes that illuminate a series of close-ups – knife, hand and stone – with a cut to black between each shot.

This is repeated _____ times in quick succession like a camera flash bulb lighting the scene.

Answer 138

Five

Question 139

The film begins not with the customary establishing shot but with flashes that illuminate a series of close-ups – knife, hand and stone – with a cut to black between each shot.

Close ups of hands on the neck of a guitar coincide with the entry of the music, the samba that is associated with Brazil, but particularly with the ______ of the slums.

Answer 139

Culture

Question 140

The film begins not with the customary establishing shot but with flashes that illuminate a series of close-ups – knife, hand and stone – with a cut to black between each shot.

The series of tight close up zooms in and out on further fragments of street life – faces, guitar, tambourine, ______ with tumblers of drinks, hands scraping and chopping carrots, chicken feet, chicken being lowered into the cooking pot.

Answer 140

Hands

Question 141

The first _____ shot of the film is of a live chicken on the table, tethered by its leg amidst piles of chicken feathers.

Answer 141

Mid

Question 142

The chicken appears around the corner and a drum beat accompanies a cut to a close up of a man who we will later know as L’il __.

Answer 142

Ze

Question 143

High shots give a bird’s eye view of the space confined by the buildings.

These cramped places offer little escape.

A sound cut, from music to silence accompanies an abrupt change to a different place.

Rocket and _______, filmed from a low angle, walk down some steps.

Answer 143

Stringy

Question 144

A fast tracking camera follows the chicken.

The gang chase it, firing their guns into the air.

A police car arrives.

The flying chicken is trapped between the police car that would run it over and the gang who would kill it, just as ________ appears to be.

Answer 144

Rocket

Question 145

Close ups of hands on the neck of a guitar coincide with the entry of the music, the samba that is associated with Brazil, but particularly with the culture of the slums.

This sets up the location as a stereotypical tropical ________ scene stressing its ‘local colour’ in fragments, making music, making food.

Answer 145

Festive

Question 146

Another photographic flash illuminates Rocket with his _______.

Answer 146

Camera

Question 147

Another photographic flash illuminates Rocket with his camera.

This is in fact a flash forward to the scene that will replay very near the end of the film, where we will see the reverse shot denied us here, that of Ze bribing the police after his gun battle with ____ and subsequent arrest.

He zooms out from behind a network of bars, which collapses down into his image.

Answer 147

Ned

Question 148

The film begins not with the customary establishing shot but with flashes that illuminate a series of close-ups – _____, hand and stone – with a cut to black between each shot.

Answer 148

Knife