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Australian Citizenship > Citizenship Test > Flashcards

Citizenship Test Flashcards

1
Q

European settlement started when the first __ convict ships, which became known as the ‘First Fleet’, arrived from Great Britain on __________.

A

11

26 January 1788

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2
Q

The first Governor of the colony of New South Wales was ____________.

A

Captain Arthur Phillip

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3
Q

Early free settlers came from __________ and _________ . This heritage has had a major influence on
Australia’s recent history, culture and politics

A

Great Britain and Ireland

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4
Q

In _____, a ‘gold rush’ began when gold was discovered in the colonies of New South Wales and Victoria.
________ people arriving at this time were the first large group of migrants not from Europe. In 10 years, Australia’s population more than doubled.

A

1851, Chinese

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5
Q

In _____, the separate colonies were united into a

federation of states called the ________________.

A

1901, Commonwealth of

Australia

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6
Q

In what year were our national democratic institutions, including our national parliament, government and the High Court established under the new Australian Constitution?

A

1901

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7
Q

What was Australia’s population in 1901? Were ATSI included in this number?

A

4 million, no

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8
Q

After a Referendum in what year were ATSI included

official estimates of the Australian population?

A

1967

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9
Q

A wave of non-British migration came after
__________, when millions of people in Europe
had to leave their homelands. Large numbers of
Europeans came to Australia to build a new life.

A

World War II

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10
Q

How many states and territories?

A

There are six states and two mainland

territories

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11
Q

Facts about Victoria - size of state?
when were lots of buildings built?
name three icons?

A

Smallest mainland state
Buildings built from wealth of goldrush in 1850s
Icons melbourne cricket ground, 12 apostles, royal exhibition building

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12
Q

Facts about QLD: size of state
The Torres Strait Islands lie to the _____ of the state
3 types of climate

A

Second largest state
North
tropical, temperate and dry

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13
Q

Western Australia facts - size of state
geography
3 icons

A

Largest state
The east of the state is mostly desert, while the south-west is a rich agricultural and wine-growing area.
Icons include the Ningaloo Coast, Margaret River, and the Kimberley region

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14
Q

SA icons (2)

A

Barossa Valley and the Flinders Ranges

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15
Q

Tasmania Facts - size of state
Separated from the mainland by the __________
3 icons

A

Smallest state
Bass Strait
Tasmanian icons include Cradle Mountain, Port Arthur, and the Bay of Fires

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16
Q

Welcome to country

A

A cultural practice performed by an ATSI custodian of the local region, welcoming visitors to their traditional land , to ensure visitors had a safe and protected journey - song, dance, smoking ceremonies, speeches

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17
Q

Acknowledgement of Country

A

An opportunity to recognize the gathering is on an ATSI land, pay respect to traditional custodians, elders past and present, pay respect to ATSI peoples in attendance , anyone can deliver

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18
Q

Australia Day

A

January 26th, anniversary of the arrival of the First Fleet from Great Britain in 1788.

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19
Q

Anzac Day

A

25 April, named after the Australian New Zealand Army Corps, landed at Gallipoli in Turkey during WW I on 25 April, 1915, solemn day remembering sacrifice of servicemn and women

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20
Q

Australian Flag symbols

A

Union Jack - flag of United Kingdom top left, history of British settlement
Commonwealth Star under Union Jack, seven points for territories and states
Southern Cross - group of stars in southern sky

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21
Q

Australian Aboriginal Flag

A

Top black half represents ATSI
Red bottom half represents the earth
Yellow circle represents the sun

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22
Q

Torres Strait Islander Flag

A

Green stripes top and bottom represent land
blue panel in middle - sea
black lines - Torres Strait Islander people
White dancers headdress - all Torres Strait Islanders
White star - the points represent the island groups in the Torres Strait
Colour white symbolizes peace

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23
Q

Commonwealth Coat of Arms

A

Official symbol, represents national unity, identifies the authority and property of the Commonwealth
Shield in the centre represents the six states and federation
Kangaroo and emu support the shield on each side
Gold Commonwealth Star sits above shield (7)
Background is golden wattle, national flower

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24
Q

Australia’s National Flower

A

Golden Wattle, small tree grows mainly in South-eastern Australia, bright green leaves and many golden yellow flowers in spring

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25
Q

Australias national colours

A

green and gold

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26
Q

National gemstone

A

Opal, legend a rainbow touched the earth and created the colours of the opal

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27
Q

National Anthem - first half

A 
"Advance Australia Fair"  - Australians all let us rejoice,
For we are one and free;
We’ve golden soil and wealth for toil;
Our home is girt by sea;
Our land abounds in nature’s gifts
Of beauty rich and rare;
In history’s page, let every stage
Advance Australia Fair.
In joyful strains then let us sing,
Advance Australia Fair.
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28
Q

National Anthem second half

A 
Beneath our radiant Southern Cross
We’ll toil with hearts and hands;
To make this Commonwealth of ours
Renowned of all the lands;
For those who’ve come across the seas
We’ve boundless plains to share;
With courage let us all combine
To Advance Australia Fair.
In joyful strains then let us sing,
Advance Australia Fair.
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29
Q

4 Democratic Beliefs

A

Parliamentary Democracy
The rule of law
Living peacefully
Respect for all individuals regardless of background

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30
Q

The Rule of Law

A

All Australians are equal under the law. The Rule of Law means that no person, group or religious rule is above the

law. Everyone, including people who hold positions of power in the Australian community, must obey Australia’s
laws. This includes government, community and religious leaders, as well as business people and the police

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31
Q

Living Peacefully

A

Australians believe that

change should occur through discussion, peaceful persuasion, and the democratic process

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32
Q

3 Freedoms

A

Freedom of speech and expression
Freedom of association
Freedom of Religion

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33
Q

Freedom of Speech

A

people can criticise the government,
protest peacefully against government decisions
and campaign to change laws, so long as at all
times they are still obeying Australian laws

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34
Q

Freedom of Association

A

Freedom of association is the right to form and join
associations to pursue common goals. For example,
in Australia people are free to join any legal
organisation, such as a political party, trade union,
religious, cultural or social group

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35
Q

Freedom of Religion - what is Australia’s heritage? 3 public holidays

A

Australia has a Judaeo-Christian heritage. Australia has public holidays on Christian days such
as Good Friday, Easter Sunday and Christmas Day. Where there is a conflict between an Australian law
and a religious practice, Australian law prevails.

36
Q

Australian Equalities

A

Gender Equality

Equality of opportunity and a “fair go”

37
Q

Australian Citizenship Responsibilities (4)

A 
As an Australian citizen you must:
• obey the laws of Australia
• vote in federal and state or territory elections, and in a referendum
• defend Australia should the need arise
• serve on a jury if called to do so.
38
Q

Australian Privileges (6)

A

As an Australian citizen you can:
• vote in federal and state or territory elections, and in a referendum
• apply for children born overseas to become Australian citizens by descent
• apply for a job in the Australian Public Service or in the Australian Defence Force
• seek election to parliament
• apply for an Australian passport and re-enter Australia freely
• ask for consular assistance from an Australian offcial while overseas

39
Q

Australian Electoral Commission

A

Commonwealth agency responsible for conducting federal elections and referendums, and maintaining the Commonwealth electoral roll. The AEC is independent of the government. Political parties or people in government cannot influence the decisions of the AEC.

40
Q

Establishment of Australian Government, and date of Federation

A

Before 1901, Australia made up of 6 separate self governing British colonies, each with its own constitution and laws. Colonies united on 1 January 1901 into federation of states called the Commonwealth of Australia

41
Q

Australian Constitution date established

A

The Commonwealth Of Australia Constitution Act 1900 legal document basic rules for government. Originally passed as part of a British Act of Parliament in 1900. Constitution came into effect Jan 1 1901.

42
Q

What came into effect with the Constitution.

A

The Australian Constitution established the
Parliament of the Commonwealth of Australia,
consisting of a House of Representatives and
a Senate. The Constitution also established
the High Court of Australia, which has the ultimate
power to apply and interpret the laws
of Australia.

43
Q

1967 Referendum

A

1967 Referendum where more than 90 per cent of
Australians voted ‘Yes’ to allow Aboriginal peoples to
be counted in the Census, needs to be a double majority

44
Q

3 Divisions of Constitutional Power

A

The Australian Constitution divides the power of government between the legislative (Parliament, elected members who make and change laws), executive puts laws into practice (Prime Minister, the Cabinet, government ministers, Governor-General ) and judicial powers (judges who interpret and apply the law), to stop one person, or one group, from holding all the power.

45
Q

Australia’s Head of State

A

Queen of Australia - her majesty queen elizabeth II
Appoints the Governor-General as her representative in Australia on advice from the Prime Minister, acts independently, in each states there is a governor who represents the queen

46
Q

The role of Governor-General

A

The Governor-General is not part of the government and must remain neutral.
The Governor-General’s role includes:
• signing all Bills passed by the Australian Parliament into law (this is called Royal Assent)
• performing ceremonial duties
• approving the appointment of the Australian Government and its ministers, federal judges and other offcials
• starting the process for a federal election
• acting as Commander-in-Chief of the Australian Defence Force.
The Governor-General also has special powers known as ‘reserve powers’ that can only be used in specifc
circumstances

47
Q

Governor

A

the representative of the head of state in each Australian state

48
Q

Premier

A

the leader of a state government

49
Q

Chief minister

A

leader of a territory government

50
Q

government minister

A

a MP chosen by a government leader to be responsible for an area of government

51
Q

member of parliament

A

elected representative in the australian parliament or state parliament

52
Q

senator

A

elected representative of a state or territory in the Australian Parliament

53
Q

Mayor or Shire President

A

leader of local government

54
Q

counsillor

A

elected member of local council

55
Q

The government is made up of members of the Australian Parliament which has two houses:

A

House of Representatives

the Senate

56
Q

House of Representatives

A

Elected in federal election, also called the Lower House or People’s House. Made up of Member’s of Parliament elected in their electorate, overall over 150 MPs, based on population per state/territory. Role is to consider, debate and vote on proposals for new laws or changes to laws.

57
Q

The Senate

A

aka the Upper House, House of Review, State’s House. Elected senators represent each state in Senate. All states are equally represented regardless of population. 76 senators. Each state elects 12. ACT and NT elect 2.

58
Q

State government roles

A

Has its own parliament and constitution. Leader is the Premier. A governor represents the queen.

59
Q

Territory government roles

A

Chief Minister is leader, in the NT an Administrator is appointed by the Governor-General (similar to state governor)

60
Q

Difference between State and Territory

A

States have rights recognized by the constitution while territories do not. States have the power to pass laws in their own right while self-governing territory laws can be altered or revoked by Australian Government at any time.

61
Q

Responsibilities of Australian Government

A

taxation, national economy, immigration, employment assistance, postal service communication network, social security, defence, trade commerce, airports, foreign affairs

62
Q

Responsibilities of State and Territory Government

A

hospitals and health, schools, roads railways, forestry, police ambulance, public transport

63
Q

Responsibilites of Local Governments

A

street sign, traffic control, roads, drains, parks, swimming pools, sports grounds, camping, food meat inspection, noise animal control, rubbish collection, libraries halls, certain child care aged care issues, building permits, social planning, local environmental issues

64
Q

Main political parties in Australia

A

Liberal Party of Australia, Australian Labor Party, the Nationals, the Australian Greens

65
Q

Appointment of Ministers

A

Prime Minister chooses from elected MPs or senators and the Governor-General approves the choices

66
Q

The Cabinet

A

The key decision making body of government, made up by ministers with the most important portfolios.

67
Q

How a Law is Made

A

an MP proposes a bill, the house of representatives and senate debate and vote, if majority in each house agree, it goes to governor general, if signed becomes law (“the royal assent”)

68
Q

Four levels of enforcement of law - how laws are enfored

A

the courts; judges and magistrates, juries, the police

69
Q

The courts - dependence, decide two things, how they base their decision

A

Are independent, decide if a person has broken a law and their penalty, can only decide based on evidence before them

70
Q

Judges and magistrates - level of authority, dependence, relationship to the government

A

Highest authority in court, independent make their own decisions, appointed by the government but cannot have their jobs taken away if gov’t disagrees with decision

71
Q

The police - dependence, their job

A

Independent of the government, job to protect life and property

72
Q

Australia’s national police force - name and what they do

A

Australian Federal Police (AFP) - investigates crimes against federal laws - ie drug trafficking, national security, crimes against the environment, and general police work in the ACT

73
Q

Australian values are based on what four things

A

freedom, respect, fairness and equality

74
Q

8 Australian Values

A
  1. Commitment to the Rule of Law
  2. Parliamentary Democracy
  3. Freedom of Speech
  4. Freedom of Association
  5. Freedom of Religion
  6. Equality of all people under the law
  7. Equality of opportunity and a fair go
  8. Mutual respect and tolerance for others
75
Q

5 Community Values

A
  1. Making a contribution
  2. Compassion for those in need
  3. English as the national language
  4. Helping to keep our society safe
  5. Loyalty to Australia
76
Q

ATSI make up what percent of population

A

3%

77
Q

Racism can be reported to who

A

Australian Human Rights Commission

78
Q

Commission

A

group of people with an official responsibility

79
Q

Constitution

A

supreme law of Australia by which the government must abide - sets out legislative, executive and judicial powers

80
Q

executive power =

A

the power and authority to administer the laws, one of the 3 powers under the constitution (held by government ministers and governor-general)

81
Q

Where did the first fleet land

A

Sydney Cove

82
Q

judicial power

A

the power and authority to interpret and apply the laws, one of the three powers under the constitution (power held by the courts)

83
Q

legislative power

A

power and authority to make and change the laws (held by parliament)

84
Q

three types of power

A

executive, judicial, legislative

85
Q

magistrate

A

judge of a lower court

86
Q

secular definition

A

separate from religion

Australian Citizenship (1 decks)

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