Citizens of the world study guide Flashcards
A ___ is a legal resident of a country or a state. In any country/state, a ____ is given certain rights or protections, but is expected to fulfill a certain list of duties in return for the privileges provided. For example, a ____ in the United States has the right to freedom of speech, religion, expression, or the press, but is expected to pay their taxes or serve on a jury when called upon. Looking at the idea of a ___ is important, as it allows for individuals to recognize what he/she is entitled to along with what he/she is expected of when living in a country/state.
Citizen
Protections that country gives to its citizens
Rights etc (freedom of speech)
Duties that country or state gives to it’s citizens.
Responsibilities etc (pay taxes, sign up for the draft)
A situation in which the people of a local community or of a country are able to exercise a certain level of free will in their daily lives. In other words, they have been permitted a level of independence in which they can operate on their own
Autonomy
Which Enlightenment theory did Jefferson specifically draw from in order to make a case that the colonists’ natural rights had been violated? This specific theory states that the people will accept their government; however, the government will in turn protect their citizens natural rights. If the government does not fulfill their responsibility, then the citizens have the right to protest or rebel against the government.
Social Contract Theory
The political term for permission. After the French & Indian War, the colonists started to complain consistently about the demands and taxes that were imposed on them, as they highlighted that they had not been part of the legislative process in Parliament. Without their ___ to tax or demand, their rights as citizens had been violated.
Consent
During the Second Continental Congress of 1776, Richard Henry Lee of the Virginia House of Burgesses proposed that all colonies declare independence from Great Britain in order to be protected from the forces of tyranny and evil. The committee did not show unanimous support towards the proposal, but opted to elect the Committee of Five in order to write a sample declaration. The Committee of Five consisted of Thomas Jefferson, John Adams, Ben Franklin, Robert Livingston, and Roger Sherman. The Second Continental Congress chose to adjourn (halt) the meeting until the Committee of Five finished their writing piece. The Committee of Five shared out their ideas, and nominated Thomas Jefferson to draft the _____ due to his tremendous educational background and his ability to articulate his thoughts on paper. After three weeks or so, the Second Continental Congress reconvened on July 2, 1776 to read over the _____. By July 4, 1776, the Second Continental Congress President, John Hancock signed the _____ which effectively announced the colonies separation from Great Britain. Within the contents of the ______ Jefferson underlined that the British monarchy had violated the Social Contract Theory, which robbed the colonists of their citizenship. Jefferson conveyed (showed) that there had been multiple instances where the Crown had robbed the citizens ability to exercise free will (autonomy), and had refused to consult with them when voting on taxes and demands (no consent). The document was groundbreaking, as it officially provided the Patriots with a directive that they would need to fight together until the bitter end in order to gain their independence from Britain.
Declaration of Indepenence
The ________ began in 1775 when a group of Patriots challenged a group of British Redcoats in the towns of Lexington and Concord, Massachusetts. The Patriots chose to resist the Redcoats, as they were upset with the monarchy’s inability to let the colonists be part of the legislative process after repeated attempts to compromise.
The American Revolution
After the Revolutionary War concluded, the Founding Fathers chose to implement a constitution that ultimately gave the states too much power, which consequently lead to a lack of unity amongst the states. For two years, the Founding Fathers would work on a document that would become known as the ___. Within the Constitution, it was decided that the federal government would be divided up into three branches in order to avoid recreating a monarchy. The____established three branches: Executive, Legislative, and Judicial. The executive branch consists of the President, Vice President, and the President’s cabinet. The executive branch is responsible for enforcing the law along with serving as a role model to the local and global community. The legislative branch is bicameral, which simply means that it is made up of two houses: The Senate and the House of Representatives. The Senate and the House of Representatives work collaboratively to create and vote on laws, which reflect the interests of the people of America. Finally-the judicial branch rests in the hands of the nine elected justices, who work in the highest court. The judicial branch’s job is to interpret the law to see if it is constitutional or not. These three branches each have their own respective powers, which allows them to hold each other accountable. This system has become known as the System of Checks and Balances, as each branch cannot hold more power than the other. Aside from laying the foundation for the federal government, the _____ maintained that any powers not given to the national government were given to the states. This standard was extremely important, as it essentially empowered the people, and created a democracy. By 1791, the Founding Fathers added the Bill of Rights at the end of the Constitution, which protected individual rights.
The Constitution
In 1791, the Founding Fathers added the _____document to the Constitution, as many felt the individual citizen’s rights needed to be protected within the law. The ______ consists of the first ten amendments. Amendments range from freedom of speech, religion, press, and expression to the right of privacy to name a few. In the end, the ______re-established the need to uphold the Social Contract between the government, and the people. The people have to accept their government, but the government must protect the rights of its citizens. In the end, if the _____ is violated, then the Social Contract has been broken. If the contract is broken, then the people have the right to protest or ignore the government’s demands until the contract has been restored.
Bill of Rights
The concept of ______ surrounds placing the global community as a first priority, as opposed to just focusing in on the local or national community that one lives in. ______ places emphasis on the importance of accepting that human beings are essentially the same, and that we need to work together in order to make the world a better place. This philosophy allows for an individual to take ownership in being informed with the world’s issues. Active _______ can range from taking on a leadership role to to assisting with a service project.
Global Citizenship
