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Government > Citizen and Equal Justice > Flashcards

Citizen and Equal Justice Flashcards

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1
Q

An ____ is a person who lives in a country where he or she is not a citizen

A

alien

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2
Q

An _____ is a person who comes to a new country intending to live there permanently

A

immigrant

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3
Q

What are the five categories that aliens are classified in?

A 
Resident aliens 
non-resident aliens 
enemy alien 
refugees 
illegal alien
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4
Q

______ is a person from a foreign nation who has established permanent residence in the US

A

resident alien

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5
Q

_______ is a person from a foreign country who expects to stay in the US for a short, specified period of time

A

non-resident alien

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6
Q

A ______ is a citizen of a nation with which the US is at war

A

enemy alien

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7
Q

_____ are people fleeing to escape persecution or danger

A

refugees

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8
Q

An _____ is a person who comes to the US without a legal permit

A

illegal alien

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9
Q

The protections that the _____ guarantees applies to aliens ads well as citizens

A

Bill of RIghts

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10
Q

In 1982, the Supreme COurt rules that the state of Texas could not deny free _____ to children of illegal aliens

A

public education

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11
Q

Aliens cannot ___ and are exempt from ___ and ___

A

vote
military
jury duty

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12
Q

Aliens are not guaranteed the right to ___ freely in the United States

A

travel

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13
Q

ALL aliens are required to notify the ______ when they change their residence

A

US Citizenship and Immigration Services

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14
Q

The _____ clearly assigns Congress the power to control immigration policy

A

Constitution

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15
Q

In 1882 Congress passed the first major federal immigration law that barred entrance to people such as the ____, ____, ____

A

mentally handicapped
convicts
paupers

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16
Q

Congress also passed the ____ which restricted the admission of Chinese laborers

A

Chinese Exclusion Act

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17
Q

The Chinese Exclusion Act marked the first time a federal law had restricted either immigration or citizenship on the basis of ____ or ____

A

nationality

ethnicity

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18
Q

The Immigration Act of 1924 is aka what?

A

Johnson Act

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19
Q

The _____ lowered the number of immigrants allowed into the country to less than 165,000 per year

A

Immigration Act of 1924 or Johnson Act

20
Q

The Johnson Act also favored immigrants from __ and __ Europe

A

northern and western

21
Q

The ____ gave the countries such as England and Ireland high quotas

A

national origins system

22
Q

The national orgins set up two categories of the immigrants:

  1. Those who could come from the countries of the ____ hemisphere
  2. Those who could come from the countries of the ____ hemisphere
A

Eastern

Western

23
Q

Higher preferences would be given to persons whose skills would be “especially ___ to the UNited States

A

advantageous

24
Q

Congress passed the _____ of 1986

A

Immigration Reform and Control Act

25
Q

______ provided a way for illegal immigrants to become permanent residents and citizens, as well as punishment for employers who hire illegal immigrants

A

Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986

26
Q

Aliens who can show that they entered the US before Jan 1, 1982, and have resided continuously in the country since they may apply for ____

A

Amnesty

27
Q

____ is a general pardon the government offers to illegal aliens

A

amnesty

28
Q

By 1990, ___% of immigrants to the United States were coming from Asia and Latin America

A

85

29
Q

_____ establishes a limit on immigrants from any single country to no more than 7% of the annual visas

A

Immigration Act of 1990

30
Q

The Immigration Act of 1990 encourages immigration of workers with “____”

A

extraordinary abilities

31
Q

What three groups do special immigrants fall under

A

refugees displaced by war, close relatives to the US citizens, or those admitted through private laws passed by Congress

32
Q

____ is one that applies to a particular person

A

private law

33
Q

every citizen of the United States goes through ____

A

naturalization

34
Q

____ is the legal process by which a person is granted the rights and privileges of a citizen

A

naturalization

35
Q

____ in 1857 challenged the basis of state citizenship

A

Dred Scott v Sanford

36
Q

The Supreme Court ruled that ___ could not bring legal suit in federal court because he was not a citizen

A

Scott

37
Q

____ hoped that the COurt’s decision would begin a “chain of events” that would produce a “ complete overthrow of the whole slave system”

A

Frederick Douglass

38
Q

The ____ amendment to the Constitution overruled the Dred Scott decision

A

14th

39
Q

What are the three basic sources of US citizenship

A

birth on american soil
naturalization
being born to a parent who is a US citizen

40
Q

Jus soli is a latin phrase that means “ _____ “

A

law of the soil

41
Q

____ grants citizenship to nearly all people born in the UNited States or in American terrorists

A

Jus soli

42
Q

Jus sanguinis means “_____”

A

law of blood

43
Q

If an individual is born in a foreign country and ___ parents are US citizens, the child is a citizen, provided one requirement is met

A

both

44
Q

If only one of the parents is an American citizen, that parent must have lived in the US or American possession for at least ___ years, 2 of which had to occur after the age of __

A

5

14

45
Q

All immigrants who wish to become American citizens must go through ____

A

naturalization

46
Q

The major exception is that a naturalized citizen is not eligible to serve as __ or ___ of the United States

A

president or vice president

Government (7 decks)

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