Cities

Question 1

What happens in Carthage?

Answer 1

Export Numbers very high in 450s

Question 2

What does Augustin show?

Answer 2

In Hippo experienced a sharp decline and this is the second biggest city in Africa.

Question 3

What happens in Marseilles?

Answer 3

Big evidence of decline

Question 4

What does Jones and Libershutz argue?

Answer 4

“caused serious problems for the administration of the empire, even in prosperous cities such as Antioch”.

Question 5

What did Libanius do?

Answer 5

Successfully avoided being in Curial Class and managed to get his son the same - but this happened before decline

Question 6

What was the decline in inscriptions? And who discovered it?

Answer 6

Charlotte Roshay 250-550 250, whereas previous 300 years was 1500

Question 7

Where can decline in cities politically and economically be most seen?

Answer 7

Britain and Gaul

Question 8

What happened in York and Clovis?

Answer 8

Grass was seen in archeological evidence as growing in 5th and 6th century

Question 9

Where did the barbarians continue to use cities?

Answer 9

Gothic court in Ravenna

Question 10

What happened to population of florence?

Answer 10

declined in 4th but increased in 5th

Question 11

What did Poulter show?

Answer 11

some decline in classicalism and replacement with christianity in lower danube. Odessus shows decline in big baths but maintenance of small baths. little evidence in some areas such as noricum where temple of verinin was rebuilt. salvian tried to get games back.

Question 12

What did cassidorius do?

Answer 12

letters are flamboyant and latin suggests continuation of politics in theoderic the greats city.

Question 13

What happened to the population of rome?

Answer 13

shrinks from 600,000 to 200,000

Question 14

what was being produced in Antioch?

Answer 14

wine stone mastif shows wine presses and archeological remains suggest continuation of exporting

Question 15

Poulter inscriptions in danube frontier in 4th c?

Answer 15

ZERO

Question 16

Lepelly inscriptions?

Answer 16

8 in africa to churches in 4th c

Question 17

transjordan ?

Answer 17

4 churches, 559, 565, 570,611

Question 18

Jack Hansen says?

Answer 18

25% in cities, city is a consumer, most in countryside, variation e.g. GB no cities really but in egypt yes

Question 19

Who agrees with Hansen?

Answer 19

Max Weber and Moses Finley

contrast with medieval idea of city economy

Question 20

how many workshops in constantinople?

Answer 20

1,100

Question 21

are there market gardens? evidence of networking events?

Answer 21

yes and yes

Question 22

which cities does imperial spend money on?

Answer 22

venna, tria, antioch

Question 23

what does bishop of caeserea say?

Answer 23

provinces are hitherland [clearly people do not think of the city as something insignificant]

Question 24

what does jones and libeshutz argue?

Answer 24

that public buildings used to be because of competition for political office etc TCC is watershed and diocletian etc

Question 25

what does brown say?

Answer 25

agrees but thinks that cities still vibrant and christianised - building of new walls etc

Question 26

what does zoidervok say?

Answer 26

euergeticism is overstated, actually came from civil and imperial money, simply a case of slapping name on things. e.g. 6th century papal donations do this - so not much changes . also cases of curial flight before

Question 27

what does lierbshutz say on christinaity?

Answer 27

was bad because freedom from taxation and decline in pagan temples

Question 28

what does roche say?

Answer 28

cities continued because of bishops in many cases “many cities owed their survival to the fact they had a bishop”. evidence? “bishop of ptolemais sieged by nomads”.

Question 29

continuation of classicalism?

Answer 29

school of athens until 526 only later start to clamp down
simon the fool lenotius in neopolis - lots of theatre and arts
poulter thinks no evidence in noricum / balkans
salvian wants to bring back games
many areas still without a bishop in 7th century
dependent on initiative ofte .

Question 30

christianity florishing?

Answer 30

393 olympics ends
hisepllum games okay to constantine if no gladiator
no animal sacrifice
miricles of st demitirus shows elite christianitised
holy man and woman, especially in the east
st simon stylites the younger in antioch - no theatre
lots of churches in africa - lepelly
harries - 16 vigils per year
gregory of tours emphasises the achievements of bishops
harries “drastic alteration”, “ripe for redevelopement”
competition e.g. church of castrum

Question 31

population statistics?

Answer 31

tours 6,000 in 2nd c to 2,000 in 4th
atkinson and barket 50% loss in GB
Rhaetia
rome 600,000 to 200,000

Question 32

imperial help to cities if useful?

Answer 32

375 calentinian stays in savaria

Question 33

who does lex romana?

Answer 33

506 Alaric II

Question 34

Gb and Gaul what happens

Answer 34

copper coins go

Question 35

what happens to tax in rome in 410?

Answer 35

1/5

Question 36

in rome in 417?

Answer 36

similar so long term?

Question 37

tax in spain?

Answer 37

also low

Question 38

does libershutz blame invasions?

Answer 38

no thinks longer term

carthage was sacked in 439 but does very well [short term vs long term siege]
ravenna and toulouse do okay
marseilles no

[ones continually under siege do badly]
numbers hard to estimate though important to bear in mind!

florence population declines but then increases
east also does okay though has to deal with some invasions